वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-64, verse-36

स गृध्रराजः कृतवान्यशस्करं सुदुष्करं कर्म रणे निपातितः ।
महर्षिकल्पेन च संस्कृतस्तदा जगाम पुण्यां गतिमात्मनः शुभाम् ॥३६॥

36. sa gṛdhrarājaḥ kṛtavānyaśaskaraṃ suduṣkaraṃ karma raṇe nipātitaḥ ,
maharṣikalpena ca saṃskṛtastadā jagāma puṇyāṃ gatimātmanaḥ śubhām.

36. saḥ gṛdhrarājaḥ kṛtavān yaśaskaram
sudurṣkaram karma raṇe nipātitaḥ
maharṣikalpena ca saṃskṛtaḥ tadā
jagāma puṇyām gatim ātmanaḥ śubhām

36. saḥ gṛdhrarājaḥ rane nipātitaḥ
yaśaskaram sudurṣkaram karma kṛtavān
ca tadā maharṣikalpena saṃskṛtaḥ
ātmanaḥ puṇyām śubhām gatim jagāma

36. That king of vultures (Jatayu), struck down in battle, had performed a glorious and exceedingly difficult deed (karma). And then, consecrated by one like a great sage (Rama), he attained a meritorious and auspicious destiny for his own self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (king of vultures) (he, that)

• गृध्रराजः (gṛdhrarājaḥ) - Jatayu, the king of vultures (king of vultures)

• कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he had performed (he did, he performed)

• यशस्करम् (yaśaskaram) - glorious, bestowing fame (fame-bestowing, glorious)

• सुदुर्ष्करम् (sudurṣkaram) - exceedingly difficult (very difficult, extremely hard)

• कर्म (karma) - a deed, an action (deed, action, work, ritual)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - having been struck down (by Ravana) (struck down, felled, thrown down)

• महर्षिकल्पेन (maharṣikalpena) - by Rama, who is like a great sage (by one like a great sage)

• च (ca) - and

• संस्कृतः (saṁskṛtaḥ) - consecrated (by Rama) (consecrated, purified, prepared, refined)

• तदा (tadā) - then, thereafter (then, at that time)

• जगाम (jagāma) - he attained (he went, he attained)

• पुण्याम् (puṇyām) - meritorious, sacred (meritorious, virtuous, sacred)

• गतिम् (gatim) - destiny, state (of being) (state, condition, destination, path)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of his own self (ātman) (of the self, of his own)

• शुभाम् (śubhām) - auspicious (auspicious, beautiful, good)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (king of vultures) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

गृध्रराजः (gṛdhrarājaḥ) - Jatayu, the king of vultures (king of vultures)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛdhrarāja

gṛdhrarāja - king of vultures

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gṛdhra+rāja)

• gṛdhra – vulture, greedy
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gṛdh (class 4)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he had performed (he did, he performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavat

kṛtavat - one who has done/performed

Past Active Participle

Formed from kṛ (to do) + suffix ktavatū.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to Jatayu.

यशस्करम् (yaśaskaram) - glorious, bestowing fame (fame-bestowing, glorious)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yaśaskara

yaśaskara - giving fame, glorious, famous

Formed from yaśas (fame) and kara (making).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yaśas+kara)

• yaśas – fame, glory, renown
  noun (neuter)
• kara – making, doing, causing, hand
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root kṛ with suffix ac.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with karma.

सुदुर्ष्करम् (sudurṣkaram) - exceedingly difficult (very difficult, extremely hard)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sudurṣkara

sudurṣkara - very difficult to do, arduous

Compound su (very) + dus (hard, difficult) + kara (to do).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dus+kara)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• dus – bad, ill, difficult
  indeclinable
• kara – making, doing, performing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root kṛ with suffix ac.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with karma.

कर्म (karma) - a deed, an action (deed, action, work, ritual)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, fate

Verbal Noun

Derived from root kṛ (to do) + suffix man.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of kṛtavān.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Root: raṇ (class 1)

निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - having been struck down (by Ravana) (struck down, felled, thrown down)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nipātita

nipātita - struck down, fallen, thrown down

Past Passive Participle

Formed from ni-pat (to fall down) in the causal sense (to make fall).

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

महर्षिकल्पेन (maharṣikalpena) - by Rama, who is like a great sage (by one like a great sage)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of maharṣikalpa

maharṣikalpa - like a great sage, resembling a great sage

Compound maharṣi (great sage) + kalpa (like, resembling).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (maharṣi+kalpa)

• maharṣi – great sage, great seer
  noun (masculine)
  Compound mahā (great) + ṛṣi (sage).
• kalpa – like, resembling, almost, sacred precept
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Agent of the passive saṃskṛtaḥ.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

संस्कृतः (saṁskṛtaḥ) - consecrated (by Rama) (consecrated, purified, prepared, refined)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃskṛta

saṁskṛta - consecrated, purified, refined, cultured

Past Passive Participle

Formed from sam-kṛ (to prepare, to purify).

Prefix: sam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तदा (tadā) - then, thereafter (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb from tad.

जगाम (jagāma) - he attained (he went, he attained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect tense

Reduplicated perfect form of gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

पुण्याम् (puṇyām) - meritorious, sacred (meritorious, virtuous, sacred)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of puṇya

puṇya - good, virtuous, sacred, meritorious

Root: puṇ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with gatim.

गतिम् (gatim) - destiny, state (of being) (state, condition, destination, path)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, path, course, state, condition, destiny

Verbal Noun

Derived from root gam (to go) + suffix kti.

Root: gam (class 1)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of his own self (ātman) (of the self, of his own)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual soul, Supreme Soul, Brahman

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Possessive, referring to Jatayu's own self.

शुभाम् (śubhām) - auspicious (auspicious, beautiful, good)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, propitious, fortunate, beautiful, bright

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with gatim.

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