वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-43, verse-15

न स तस्य स्वरो व्यक्तं न कश्चिदपि दैवतः ।
गन्धर्वनगरप्रख्या माया सा तस्य रक्षसः ॥१५॥

15. na sa tasya svaro vyaktaṃ na kaścidapi daivataḥ ,
gandharvanagaraprakhyā māyā sā tasya rakṣasaḥ.

15. na saḥ tasya svaraḥ vyaktam na kaścit api daivataḥ
gandharva-nagara-prakhyā māyā sā tasya rakṣasaḥ

15. saḥ tasya svaraḥ vyaktam na (āsa); kaścit daivataḥ api na
(āsa); sā tasya rakṣasaḥ gandharva-nagara-prakhyā māyā (āsa)

15. That was not clearly his (Rama's) voice, nor was it that of any divine being. Rather, that was the illusion (māyā) of that demon (rakṣas), like a phantom city of the Gandharvas.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• सः (saḥ) - that (voice) (that, he)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (Rama's) (his, of him, of that)

• स्वरः (svaraḥ) - voice (voice, sound, tone)

• व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly (clearly, distinctly, manifest)

• न (na) - nor (not, no)

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - any (someone, anyone, a certain)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• दैवतः (daivataḥ) - (that of) a divine being (divine, deity, god)

• गन्धर्व-नगर-प्रख्या (gandharva-nagara-prakhyā) - like a phantom city of the Gandharvas (resembling a city of Gandharvas, like a phantom city)

• माया (māyā) - illusion (māyā) (illusion, magic, supernatural power)

• सा (sā) - that (that, she)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (his, of him, of that)

• रक्षसः (rakṣasaḥ) - of that demon (rakṣas) (of the demon, of the Rakshasa)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

Note: Negates the predicate.

सः (saḥ) - that (voice) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the sound that was heard.

तस्य (tasya) - his (Rama's) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Possessive, refers to Rama.

स्वरः (svaraḥ) - voice (voice, sound, tone)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svara

svara - sound, voice, tone, accent, vowel

From √svṛ (to sound).

Root: √svṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicated upon 'saḥ'.

व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly (clearly, distinctly, manifest)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of √añj (to anoint, make clear) with prefix 'vi-'.

Prefix: vi

Root: √añj (class 7)

Note: Used adverbially (neuter nominative/accusative singular functions as an adverb).

न (na) - nor (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

Note: Negates the second clause.

कश्चित् (kaścit) - any (someone, anyone, a certain)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścit

kaścit - anyone, someone, some, a certain, a particular

Indefinite pronoun formed from 'ka' (who) + 'cit' (particle).

Note: In this context, with 'na' and 'api', it means 'not any'.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

दैवतः (daivataḥ) - (that of) a divine being (divine, deity, god)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daivata

daivata - divine, relating to gods; a deity, a god

From 'deva' (god) + 'ta' (suffix for relation/group).

गन्धर्व-नगर-प्रख्या (gandharva-nagara-prakhyā) - like a phantom city of the Gandharvas (resembling a city of Gandharvas, like a phantom city)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gandharvanagaraprakhya

gandharvanagaraprakhya - resembling a city of the Gandharvas (a mythical, illusory city)

Tatpuruṣa compound (Gandharva-nagara) followed by an adjective 'prakhya' (resembling).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gandharva-nagara+prakhya)

• gandharva – Gandharva (a class of celestial beings, musicians, often associated with illusion)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nagara – city, town
  noun (neuter)
• prakhya – resembling, like, appearing as, similar to
  adjective (feminine)
  From prefix 'pra-' + √khyā (to be known, to appear).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √khyā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'māyā'.

माया (māyā) - illusion (māyā) (illusion, magic, supernatural power)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of māyā

māyā - illusion, magic, artifice, supernatural power, delusion, trick

From √mā (to measure, fashion, show forth).

Root: √mā (class 2)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'was'.

सा (sā) - that (that, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Demonstrative pronoun.

तस्य (tasya) - of that (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Qualifies 'rakṣasaḥ'.

रक्षसः (rakṣasaḥ) - of that demon (rakṣas) (of the demon, of the Rakshasa)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, fiend, Rakshasa (a class of mythological beings)

From √rakṣ (to protect, guard, but also implies 'harmful').

Root: √rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Possessive, referring to Marīca.

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