वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-43, verse-1

आर्तस्वरं तु तं भर्तुर्विज्ञाय सदृशं वने ।
उवाच लक्ष्मणं सीता गच्छ जानीहि राघवम् ॥१॥

1. ārtasvaraṃ tu taṃ bharturvijñāya sadṛśaṃ vane ,
uvāca lakṣmaṇaṃ sītā gaccha jānīhi rāghavam.

1. ārtasvaram tu tam bhartuḥ vijñāya sadṛśam vane
uvāca lakṣmaṇam sītā gaccha jānīhi rāghavam

1. sītā vane bhartuḥ tam sadṛśam ārtasvaram tu vijñāya
lakṣmaṇam uvāca [tvam] gaccha rāghavam jānīhi

1. Sita, having recognized that distressed cry in the forest as similar to her husband's (Rama's), said to Lakshmana, "Go, and ascertain what has happened to Rama."

Words meanings summery:

• आर्तस्वरम् (ārtasvaram) - a distressed sound, a pained cry

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तम् (tam) - that distressed sound (that, him)

• भर्तुः (bhartuḥ) - of her husband (Rama) (of the husband)

• विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having recognized, having known, having understood

• सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - similar, like, resembling

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• उवाच (uvāca) - Sita said (she said, he said)

• लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - to Lakshmana

• सीता (sītā) - Sita

• गच्छ (gaccha) - go!

• जानीहि (jānīhi) - know!, ascertain!

• राघवम् (rāghavam) - about Rama, to Rama

Words meanings and morphology

आर्तस्वरम् (ārtasvaram) - a distressed sound, a pained cry

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārtasvara

ārtasvara - distressed sound, cry of pain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ārta+svara)

• ārta – pained, distressed, afflicted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from ṛ + kta
  Root: ṛ (class 3)
• svara – sound, voice, tone
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that distressed sound (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भर्तुः (bhartuḥ) - of her husband (Rama) (of the husband)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, master, supporter

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having recognized, having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from vi-jñā + -ya

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - similar, like, resembling

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - similar, like, resembling

from sa-dṛś

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+dṛś)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• dṛś – seeing, appearance
  noun (feminine)
  from dṛś + kvip
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tam ārtasvaram'.

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

उवाच (uvāca) - Sita said (she said, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect (lit)

from vac (irregular perfect), 3rd singular

Root: vac (class 2)

लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - to Lakshmana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (Rama's brother)

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

सीता (sītā) - Sita

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (wife of Rama)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

गच्छ (gaccha) - go!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of gam

imperative

from gam, 2nd singular

Root: gam (class 1)

जानीहि (jānīhi) - know!, ascertain!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of jñā

imperative

from jñā, 2nd singular

Root: jñā (class 9)

राघवम् (rāghavam) - about Rama, to Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

patronymic from Raghu

Note: Object of 'jānīhi'.

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