वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-94, verse-35

ब्राह्मणैः क्षत्रियैर्वैश्यैः स्वकर्मनिरतैः सदा ।
जितेन्द्रियैर्महोत्साहैर्वृतामात्यैः सहस्रशः ॥३५॥

35. brāhmaṇaiḥ kṣatriyairvaiśyaiḥ svakarmanirataiḥ sadā ,
jitendriyairmahotsāhairvṛtāmātyaiḥ sahasraśaḥ.

35. brāhmaṇaiḥ kṣatriyaiḥ vaiśyaiḥ svakarmanirataiḥ sadā
jitendriyaiḥ mahotsāhaiḥ vṛtām amātyaiḥ sahasraśaḥ

35. brāhmaṇaiḥ kṣatriyaiḥ vaiśyaiḥ sadā svakarmanirataiḥ
jitendriyaiḥ mahotsāhaiḥ sahasraśaḥ amātyaiḥ vṛtām (ayodhyām)

35. Surrounded by thousands of ministers (amātyaiḥ) who are Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas, always dedicated to their own intrinsic nature (sva-karma), having mastered their senses (jitendriyaiḥ), and endowed with great enthusiasm (mahotsāhaiḥ).

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by Brahmins, by priests

• क्षत्रियैः (kṣatriyaiḥ) - by Kshatriyas, by warriors, by rulers

• वैश्यैः (vaiśyaiḥ) - by Vaishyas, by merchants, by farmers

• स्वकर्मनिरतैः (svakarmanirataiḥ) - by those devoted to their own duties, by those dedicated to their intrinsic nature (karma)

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

• जितेन्द्रियैः (jitendriyaiḥ) - by those who have controlled their senses

• महोत्साहैः (mahotsāhaiḥ) - by those with great enthusiasm, highly energetic

• वृताम् (vṛtām) - surrounded, filled, attended

• अमात्यैः (amātyaiḥ) - by ministers, by companions

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by Brahmins, by priests

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, a member of the priestly class

From brahman (Vedic text, sacred knowledge) + aṇ suffix.

क्षत्रियैः (kṣatriyaiḥ) - by Kshatriyas, by warriors, by rulers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - Kshatriya, a member of the warrior or ruling class

From kṣatra (rule, dominion) + iya suffix.

वैश्यैः (vaiśyaiḥ) - by Vaishyas, by merchants, by farmers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vaiśya

vaiśya - Vaishya, a member of the merchant or agricultural class

From viś (people, settlement) + ya suffix.

स्वकर्मनिरतैः (svakarmanirataiḥ) - by those devoted to their own duties, by those dedicated to their intrinsic nature (karma)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of svakarmanirata

svakarmanirata - devoted to one's own duty, engaged in one's proper work

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva-karma+nirata)

• sva-karma – one's own duty, personal action, intrinsic nature (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  From sva (own) + karma (action, duty).
• nirata – devoted, engaged in, attached to
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From ni + root ram (to delight, be pleased) + kta suffix.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: ram (class 1)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)

जितेन्द्रियैः (jitendriyaiḥ) - by those who have controlled their senses

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jitendriya

jitendriya - one who has controlled his senses, self-controlled

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jita+indriya)

• jita – conquered, subdued, won
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ji (to conquer) + kta suffix.
  Root: ji (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty of sense
  noun (neuter)
  From indra (lord) + iya suffix.

महोत्साहैः (mahotsāhaiḥ) - by those with great enthusiasm, highly energetic

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahotsāha

mahotsāha - having great energy, full of high spirits, very zealous

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+utsāha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
  Stem of mahat.
• utsāha – enthusiasm, energy, power, determination
  noun (masculine)
  From ud + root sah (to overcome).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sah (class 1)

वृताम् (vṛtām) - surrounded, filled, attended

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen, filled, enclosed

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover, choose) + kta suffix.

Root: vṛ (class 1)

अमात्यैः (amātyaiḥ) - by ministers, by companions

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of amātya

amātya - minister, companion, intimate friend

From amā (at home, together) + tya suffix.

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

(indeclinable)

From sahasra (thousand) + śas suffix (indicating 'by' or 'in groups of').

Previous Verse Next Verse