वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-9, verse-1

एवमुक्ता तु कैकेयी क्रोधेन ज्वलितानना ।
दीर्घमुष्णं विनिःश्वस्य मन्थरामिदमब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. evamuktā tu kaikeyī krodhena jvalitānanā ,
dīrghamuṣṇaṃ viniḥśvasya mantharāmidamabravīt.

1. evam uktā tu kaikeyī krodhena jvalitānanā
dīrgham uṣṇam viniḥśvasya mantharām idam abravīt

1. evam uktā tu,
krodhena jvalitānanā kaikeyī dīrgham uṣṇam viniḥśvasya,
mantharām idam abravīt.

1. Thus addressed, Kaikeyī, her face inflamed with anger, sighed a long, hot breath and then spoke these words to Mantharā.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• उक्ता (uktā) - addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, however)

• कैकेयी (kaikeyī) - Kaikeyi

• क्रोधेन (krodhena) - by anger (by anger, with anger)

• ज्वलितानना (jvalitānanā) - her face inflamed (having a burning face, with an inflamed face)

• दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long (long, protracted)

• उष्णम् (uṣṇam) - hot (hot, warm)

• विनिःश्वस्य (viniḥśvasya) - sighing deeply, exhaling (having sighed, exhaling deeply)

• मन्थराम् (mantharām) - to Manthara (Manthara)

• इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of manner.

Note: Modifies 'uktā'.

उक्ता (uktā) - addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told, addressed

Past Passive Participle

From the root 'vac' (to speak) which undergoes substitution to 'uk', followed by the past passive participle suffix 'kta'.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'kaikeyī', meaning 'having been addressed'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

कैकेयी (kaikeyī) - Kaikeyi

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyī (name of a queen, wife of King Daśaratha and mother of Bharata)

Feminine derivative of 'kekaya', referring to the kingdom of her origin.

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

क्रोधेन (krodhena) - by anger (by anger, with anger)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, fury, indignation

Derived from the root 'krudh' (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the cause or means of 'jvalitānanā'.

ज्वलितानना (jvalitānanā) - her face inflamed (having a burning face, with an inflamed face)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jvalitānana

jvalitānana - having a burning or inflamed face

A bahuvrīhi compound: 'jvalita' (inflamed, burning) + 'ānana' (face). Meaning 'she whose face is inflamed'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jvalita+ānana)

• jvalita – inflamed, burning, shining, kindled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root 'jval' (to burn, shine) with the past passive participle suffix 'kta'.
  Root: jval (class 1)
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)
  From 'ā-an' (to breathe towards).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Adjective describing Kaikeyī.

दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long (long, protracted)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīrgha

dīrgha - long, extended, deep, tall

Note: Used adverbially, qualifying the action of sighing (implicitly 'śvāsam' - breath).

उष्णम् (uṣṇam) - hot (hot, warm)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uṣṇa

uṣṇa - hot, warm, passionate, violent

Derived from the root 'uṣ' (to burn).

Root: uṣ (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially, qualifying the action of sighing (implicitly 'śvāsam' - breath).

विनिःश्वस्य (viniḥśvasya) - sighing deeply, exhaling (having sighed, exhaling deeply)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root 'śvas' (to breathe) with prefixes 'vi' and 'nis' (out, completely), followed by the absolutive suffix 'lyap' (used when the root has prefixes).

Prefixes: vi+nis

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb 'abravīt'.

मन्थराम् (mantharām) - to Manthara (Manthara)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mantharā

mantharā - Mantharā (name of Kaikeyī's hunchbacked maidservant)

Root: manth (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'abravīt'.

इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these, here

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular.

Note: Direct object of 'abravīt', referring to the speech that follows.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of brū

imperfect past tense

Third person singular, imperfect past tense, active voice. The root 'brū' is a 2nd class verb.

Root: brū (class 2)

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