वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-85, verse-64

बभूवुर्वनपार्श्वेषु कूपाः पायसकर्दमाः ।
ताश्च कामदुघा गावो द्रुमाश्चासन्मधुश्च्युतः ॥६४॥

64. babhūvurvanapārśveṣu kūpāḥ pāyasakardamāḥ ,
tāśca kāmadughā gāvo drumāścāsanmadhuścyutaḥ.

64. babhūvuḥ vanapārśveṣu kūpāḥ pāyasakardamāḥ tāḥ
ca kāmadughāḥ gāvaḥ drumāḥ ca āsan madhuścyutaḥ

64. vanapārśveṣu pāyasakardamāḥ kūpāḥ babhūvuḥ; tāḥ ca kāmadughāḥ gāvaḥ,
ca drumāḥ madhuścyutaḥ āsan

64. On the edges of the forest, there were wells with mud like rice pudding. And those cows yielded all desires, while the trees dripped honey.

Words meanings summery:

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they were, they became, they arose

• वनपार्श्वेषु (vanapārśveṣu) - in the sides of the forest, on the forest edges

• कूपाः (kūpāḥ) - wells, pits

• पायसकर्दमाः (pāyasakardamāḥ) - having mud like rice pudding, with rice pudding-like mud

• ताः (tāḥ) - those (referring to cows) (those (feminine))

• च (ca) - and, also

• कामदुघाः (kāmadughāḥ) - wish-fulfilling, yielding all desires

• गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows, cattle

• द्रुमाः (drumāḥ) - trees

• च (ca) - and, also

• आसन् (āsan) - they were, they existed

• मधुश्च्युतः (madhuścyutaḥ) - dripping honey, exuding honey

Words meanings and morphology

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they were, they became, they arose

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect Active 3rd Plural

Root 'bhū' (to be), Lang liṭ, 3rd person plural.

Root: bhū (class 1)

वनपार्श्वेषु (vanapārśveṣu) - in the sides of the forest, on the forest edges

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of vanapārśva

vanapārśva - side of a forest, forest edge

Compound of 'vana' (forest) and 'pārśva' (side).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+pārśva)

• vana – forest, wood, grove, water
  noun (neuter)
• pārśva – side, flank, vicinity
  noun (neuter)

Note: Locative indicating where the wells were.

कूपाः (kūpāḥ) - wells, pits

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kūpa

kūpa - well, pit, hole

Note: Subject of 'babhūvuḥ'.

पायसकर्दमाः (pāyasakardamāḥ) - having mud like rice pudding, with rice pudding-like mud

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāyasakardama

pāyasakardama - mud of rice pudding

Compound of 'pāyasa' (rice pudding) and 'kardama' (mud). Refers to something having such mud.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāyasa+kardama)

• pāyasa – milk, milky, rice pudding
  noun (neuter)
• kardama – mud, mire, filth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'kūpāḥ'.

ताः (tāḥ) - those (referring to cows) (those (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'gāvaḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses.

कामदुघाः (kāmadughāḥ) - wish-fulfilling, yielding all desires

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kāmadugha

kāmadugha - yielding all desires, wish-fulfilling (like a cow Kamadhenu)

Compound of 'kāma' (desire) and 'dugha' (yielding, milking).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+dugha)

• kāma – desire, wish, longing, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• dugha – milking, yielding, producing
  adjective
  Agent noun/Adjective from root 'duh'
  From root 'duh' (to milk, yield).
  Root: duh (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'gāvaḥ'.

गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows, cattle

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, bull, ox, cattle, ray of light, earth

Note: Subject of 'āsan'.

द्रुमाः (drumāḥ) - trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of druma

druma - tree

Note: Subject of 'āsan'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'gāvaḥ' and 'drumāḥ'.

आसन् (āsan) - they were, they existed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Active 3rd Plural

Root 'as' (to be), Lang laṅ, 3rd person plural.

Root: as (class 2)

मधुश्च्युतः (madhuścyutaḥ) - dripping honey, exuding honey

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of madhuścyut

madhuścyut - dripping or oozing honey

Compound derived from 'madhu' and root 'ścyut'

Compound of 'madhu' (honey) and 'ścyut' (dripping/oozing, from root 'ścyut'). Nominative plural masculine form.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+ścyut)

• madhu – honey, sweet, wine, spring
  noun (neuter)
• ścyut – dripping, oozing, falling
  adjective
  Present Active Participle (Nom. Sg.) or derived adjective.
  From root 'ścyut' (to drip, ooze). Here used as a participle or agent noun.
  Root: ścyut (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'drumāḥ'.

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