वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-85, verse-43

नारदस्तुम्बुरुर्गोपः पर्वतः सूर्यवर्चसः ।
एते गन्धर्वराजानो भरतस्याग्रतो जगुः ॥४३॥

43. nāradastumbururgopaḥ parvataḥ sūryavarcasaḥ ,
ete gandharvarājāno bharatasyāgrato jaguḥ.

43. nāradaḥ tumburuḥ gopaḥ parvataḥ sūryavarcasaḥ
ete gandharva-rājānaḥ bharatasya agrataḥ jaguḥ

43. nāradaḥ tumburuḥ gopaḥ parvataḥ sūryavarcasaḥ
ete gandharva-rājānaḥ bharatasya agrataḥ jaguḥ

43. Narada, Tumburu, Gopa, Parvata, and Sūryavarcas – these kings of Gandharvas sang before Bharata.

Words meanings summery:

• नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Narada (a divine sage)

• तुम्बुरुः (tumburuḥ) - Tumburu (a Gandharva)

• गोपः (gopaḥ) - Gopa (a Gandharva)

• पर्वतः (parvataḥ) - Parvata (a Gandharva)

• सूर्यवर्चसः (sūryavarcasaḥ) - Sūryavarcas (a Gandharva)

• एते (ete) - these

• गन्धर्व-राजानः (gandharva-rājānaḥ) - kings of Gandharvas

• भरतस्य (bharatasya) - of Bharata

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of, before

• जगुः (jaguḥ) - they sang

Words meanings and morphology

नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Narada (a divine sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Narada (name of a divine sage and musician)

तुम्बुरुः (tumburuḥ) - Tumburu (a Gandharva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tumburu

tumburu - Tumburu (name of a Gandharva, celestial musician)

गोपः (gopaḥ) - Gopa (a Gandharva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gopa

gopa - Gopa (name of a Gandharva), cowherd, protector

पर्वतः (parvataḥ) - Parvata (a Gandharva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - Parvata (name of a Gandharva), mountain

सूर्यवर्चसः (sūryavarcasaḥ) - Sūryavarcas (a Gandharva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūryavarcas

sūryavarcas - Sūryavarcas (name of a Gandharva), having the splendor of the sun

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the list of Gandharvas.

गन्धर्व-राजानः (gandharva-rājānaḥ) - kings of Gandharvas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gandharva-rājan

gandharva-rājan - king of Gandharvas

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (gandharva+rājan)

• gandharva – Gandharva (a celestial musician and demigod)
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)

भरतस्य (bharatasya) - of Bharata

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of a king, brother of Rama)

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of, before

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'agra' (front) with tasi-suffix (अग्र + तस्)

जगुः (jaguḥ) - they sang

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of gai

Perfect tense, third person plural

Root: gai (class 1)

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