वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-85, verse-28

उत्तरेभ्यः कुरुभ्यश्च वनं दिव्योपभोगवत् ।
आजगाम नदी दिव्या तीरजैर्बहुभिर्वृता ॥२८॥

28. uttarebhyaḥ kurubhyaśca vanaṃ divyopabhogavat ,
ājagāma nadī divyā tīrajairbahubhirvṛtā.

28. uttarebhyaḥ kurubhyaḥ ca vanam divyopabhogavat
ājagāma nadī divyā tīrajaiḥ bahubhiḥ vṛtā

28. uttarebhyaḥ kurubhyaḥ ca divyopabhogavat vanam
ājagāma divyā nadī bahubhiḥ tīrajaiḥ vṛtā

28. And from the Northern Kurus, a divine forest endowed with heavenly enjoyments came, as did a divine river surrounded by many bank-dwelling creatures.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्तरेभ्यः (uttarebhyaḥ) - from the Northern (Kurukshetra region) (from the northern, to the northern)

• कुरुभ्यः (kurubhyaḥ) - from the mythical Northern Kurus (from the Kurus, to the Kurus)

• च (ca) - and, also

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, grove, wood

• दिव्योपभोगवत् (divyopabhogavat) - possessing divine enjoyments, full of heavenly pleasures

• आजगाम (ājagāma) - came, approached

• नदी (nadī) - river

• दिव्या (divyā) - divine, heavenly

• तीरजैः (tīrajaiḥ) - by bank-dwelling (trees/plants/beings) (by bank-born (creatures/plants), by those dwelling on the bank)

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

• वृता (vṛtā) - surrounded, covered, encompassed

Words meanings and morphology

उत्तरेभ्यः (uttarebhyaḥ) - from the Northern (Kurukshetra region) (from the northern, to the northern)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, plural of uttara

uttara - upper, northern, later, superior

Note: Agrees with 'kurubhyaḥ'

कुरुभ्यः (kurubhyaḥ) - from the mythical Northern Kurus (from the Kurus, to the Kurus)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - name of an ancient tribe/kingdom, a region

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'kuru' with other elements, possibly 'vanam'

वनम् (vanam) - forest, grove, wood

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

दिव्योपभोगवत् (divyopabhogavat) - possessing divine enjoyments, full of heavenly pleasures

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of divyopabhogavat

divyopabhogavat - possessing divine enjoyments

possessive suffix -vat applied to divyopabhoga

Compound type : tatpurusha (divya+upabhoga)

• divya – divine, heavenly, celestial
  adjective (masculine)
• upabhoga – enjoyment, use, possession
  noun (masculine)
  from verbal root bhuj with upasarga upa
  Prefix: upa
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'vanam'

आजगाम (ājagāma) - came, approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of āgam

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

नदी (nadī) - river

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

दिव्या (divyā) - divine, heavenly

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of divya

divya - divine, heavenly, celestial

Note: Agrees with 'nadī'

तीरजैः (tīrajaiḥ) - by bank-dwelling (trees/plants/beings) (by bank-born (creatures/plants), by those dwelling on the bank)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tīraja

tīraja - born on the bank, dwelling on the bank

compound of tīra (bank) and ja (born/produced from)

Compound type : tatpurusha (tīra+ja)

• tīra – bank, shore, edge
  noun (neuter)
• ja – born, produced from
  suffix/adjective (masculine)
  from verbal root jan
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to living things or vegetation on the river bank

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Agrees with 'tīrajaiḥ'

वृता (vṛtā) - surrounded, covered, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

from verbal root vṛ (to cover/surround)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'nadī'

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