वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-8, verse-7

धर्मज्ञो गुरुभिर्दान्तः कृतज्ञः सत्यवाक् शुचिः ।
रामो राज्ञः सुतो ज्येष्ठो यौवराज्यमतो ऽर्हति ॥७॥

7. dharmajño gurubhirdāntaḥ kṛtajñaḥ satyavāk śuciḥ ,
rāmo rājñaḥ suto jyeṣṭho yauvarājyamato'rhati.

7. dharmajñaḥ gurubhiḥ dāntaḥ kṛtajñaḥ satyavāk śuciḥ
rāmaḥ rājñaḥ sutaḥ jyeṣṭhaḥ yauvarājyam ataḥ arhati

7. rāmaḥ dharmajñaḥ gurubhiḥ dāntaḥ kṛtajñaḥ satyavāk
śuciḥ rājñaḥ jyeṣṭhaḥ sutaḥ ataḥ yauvarājyam arhati

7. Rama, who understands natural law (dharma), is self-controlled through his teachers, grateful, truthful, and pure. He is the king's eldest son; therefore, he deserves the position of crown prince.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - knower of natural law (dharma), righteous

• गुरुभिः (gurubhiḥ) - by teachers, by elders

• दान्तः (dāntaḥ) - disciplined, self-controlled, subdued

• कृतज्ञः (kṛtajñaḥ) - grateful, knowing what has been done

• सत्यवाक् (satyavāk) - truthful, speaking truth

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean, holy

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

• ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - eldest, chief, best

• यौवराज्यम् (yauvarājyam) - the position of crown prince, regency

• अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, hence, for this reason

• अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of, ought

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - knower of natural law (dharma), righteous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knowing natural law (dharma), righteous, virtuous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

गुरुभिः (gurubhiḥ) - by teachers, by elders

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guru

guru - teacher, spiritual preceptor (guru), elder, heavy, important

दान्तः (dāntaḥ) - disciplined, self-controlled, subdued

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dānta

dānta - disciplined, self-controlled, subdued, tamed

Past Passive Participle

Root: dam (class 1)

कृतज्ञः (kṛtajñaḥ) - grateful, knowing what has been done

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtajña

kṛtajña - grateful, knowing what has been done, thankful

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛta+jña)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

सत्यवाक् (satyavāk) - truthful, speaking truth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavāc

satyavāc - speaking truth, truthful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+vāc)

• satya – true, real, truth
  adjective (neuter)
• vāc – speech, voice, word
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vac (class 2)

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean, holy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, white, holy, bright

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a king, son of Dasharatha, hero of Ramayana)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, born, produced

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sū (to give birth)

Root: sū (class 2)

ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - eldest, chief, best

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, chief, best, senior

यौवराज्यम् (yauvarājyam) - the position of crown prince, regency

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yauvarājya

yauvarājya - crown-princedom, position of crown prince, regency

अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, hence, for this reason

(indeclinable)

अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of, ought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

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