वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-17, verse-1

रामस्तु भृशमायस्तो निःश्वसन्निव कुञ्जरः ।
जगाम सहितो भ्रात्रा मातुरन्तःपुरं वशी ॥१॥

1. rāmastu bhṛśamāyasto niḥśvasanniva kuñjaraḥ ,
jagāma sahito bhrātrā māturantaḥpuraṃ vaśī.

1. rāmaḥ tu bhṛśam āyastaḥ niḥśvasan iva kuñjaraḥ
jagāma sahitaḥ bhrātrā mātuḥ antaḥpuram vaśī

1. vaśī rāmaḥ tu bhṛśam āyastaḥ kuñjaraḥ iva
niḥśvasan bhrātrā sahitaḥ mātuḥ antaḥpuram jagāma

1. But the self-controlled (vaśī) Rama, greatly distressed and sighing like an elephant, went to his mother's inner chambers accompanied by his brother.

Words meanings summery:

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (proper name)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

• आयस्तः (āyastaḥ) - distressed, exhausted, weary

• निःश्वसन् (niḥśvasan) - sighing, breathing out

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• कुञ्जरः (kuñjaraḥ) - elephant

• जगाम (jagāma) - went

• सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by, together with

• भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by his brother

• मातुः (mātuḥ) - of his mother

• अन्तःपुरम् (antaḥpuram) - inner apartment, women's quarters, harem

• वशी (vaśī) - self-controlled, master of oneself

Words meanings and morphology

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama, pleasure, charm

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

(indeclinable)

आयस्तः (āyastaḥ) - distressed, exhausted, weary

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āyasta

āyasta - distressed, exhausted, weary, troubled

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'yas' (to strive, be weary) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: yas (class 4)

निःश्वसन् (niḥśvasan) - sighing, breathing out

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niḥśvasat

niḥśvasat - sighing, breathing out, exhaling

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle (Parasmaipada) of root 'śvas' (to breathe) with prefix 'nis'. Nominative singular masculine.

Prefix: nis

Root: śvas (class 2)

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

कुञ्जरः (kuñjaraḥ) - elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant, 'one who roams in groves'

जगाम (jagāma) - went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular Parasmaipada of root 'gam' (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by, together with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, united, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

Often treated as an adjective meaning 'accompanied by'. Derived from 'sah' (to endure) or 'sam-hi'.

Root: sah (class 1)

भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by his brother

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

मातुः (mātuḥ) - of his mother

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

अन्तःपुरम् (antaḥpuram) - inner apartment, women's quarters, harem

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of antaḥpura

antaḥpura - inner apartment, women's quarters, harem, inner city

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (antar+pura)

• antar – inside, within
  indeclinable
• pura – city, fortress, house, residence
  noun (neuter)

वशी (vaśī) - self-controlled, master of oneself

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaśin

vaśin - self-controlled, powerful, master, ruler

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