वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-14, verse-4

ते समीक्ष्य समायान्तं रामप्रियचिकीर्षवः ।
सहभार्याय रामाय क्षिप्रमेवाचचक्षिरे ॥४॥

4. te samīkṣya samāyāntaṃ rāmapriyacikīrṣavaḥ ,
sahabhāryāya rāmāya kṣipramevācacakṣire.

4. te samīkṣya samāyāntam rāmapriyacikīrṣavaḥ
sahabhāryāya rāmāya kṣipram eva ācacukṣire

4. rāmapriyacikīrṣavaḥ te samīkṣya samāyāntam
sahabhāryāya rāmāya kṣipram eva ācacukṣire

4. Desiring to please Rāma, they, having observed him approaching, immediately reported (his arrival) to Rāma, along with his wife.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - the superintendents (they)

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed

• समायान्तम् (samāyāntam) - (Rāma) approaching (approaching, coming near)

• रामप्रियचिकीर्षवः (rāmapriyacikīrṣavaḥ) - desiring to please Rāma, wishing to do what is dear to Rāma

• सहभार्याय (sahabhāryāya) - to Rāma, along with his wife (with his wife, accompanied by his wife)

• रामाय (rāmāya) - to Rāma

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• एव (eva) - emphasizing immediacy (only, just, indeed, certainly)

• आचचुक्षिरे (ācacukṣire) - they reported, they announced

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - the superintendents (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from sam + root īkṣ (to see)

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

समायान्तम् (samāyāntam) - (Rāma) approaching (approaching, coming near)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samāyānt

samāyānt - approaching, coming near

Present Active Participle

from sam + ā + root yā (to go)

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (sam+ā+yā)

• sam – together, with, completely
  indeclinable
• ā – towards, near, up to
  indeclinable
• yāt – going
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  from root yā (to go)
  Root: yā (class 2)

Note: modifies implied Rāma

रामप्रियचिकीर्षवः (rāmapriyacikīrṣavaḥ) - desiring to please Rāma, wishing to do what is dear to Rāma

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rāmapriyacikīrṣu

rāmapriyacikīrṣu - desiring to please Rāma, wishing to do what is dear to Rāma

Desiderative Derivative

compound of Rāma + priya (dear) + cikīrṣu (desirous of doing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāma+priya+cikīrṣu)

• rāma – Rāma (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing
  adjective (masculine)
• cikīrṣu – desirous of doing, wishing to do
  adjective (masculine)
  Desiderative Agent Noun
  desiderative stem of root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: modifies 'te'

सहभार्याय (sahabhāryāya) - to Rāma, along with his wife (with his wife, accompanied by his wife)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of sahabhārya

sahabhārya - with his wife, accompanied by his wife

compound of saha (with) + bhāryā (wife)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saha+bhāryā)

• saha – with, along with
  indeclinable
• bhāryā – wife
  noun (feminine)

Note: modifies Rāma

रामाय (rāmāya) - to Rāma

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of a king)

Note: recipient of the report

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - emphasizing immediacy (only, just, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

आचचुक्षिरे (ācacukṣire) - they reported, they announced

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of cakṣ

Perfect

reduplicated perfect form of root cakṣ with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

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