वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-14, verse-27

करेणुमातङ्गरथाश्वसंकुलं महाजनौघैः परिपूर्णचत्वरम् ।
प्रभूतरत्नं बहुपण्यसंचयं ददर्श रामो रुचिरं महापथम् ॥२७॥

27. kareṇumātaṅgarathāśvasaṃkulaṃ mahājanaughaiḥ paripūrṇacatvaram ,
prabhūtaratnaṃ bahupaṇyasaṃcayaṃ dadarśa rāmo ruciraṃ mahāpatham.

27. kareṇumātaṅgarathāśvasaṅkulam
mahājanaoghaiḥ paripūrṇacatvaram
prabhūtaratnam bahupaṇyasañcayam
dadarśa rāmaḥ ruciram mahāpatham

27. rāmaḥ ruciram mahāpatham
kareṇumātaṅgarathāśvasaṅkulam mahājanaoghaiḥ
paripūrṇacatvaram prabhūtaratnam
bahupaṇyasañcayam dadarśa

27. Rāma beheld the beautiful main road, bustling with female elephants, male elephants, chariots, and horses. Its squares were filled with vast crowds of people, and it was abundant with jewels and heaps of various merchandise.

Words meanings summery:

• करेणुमातङ्गरथाश्वसङ्कुलम् (kareṇumātaṅgarathāśvasaṅkulam) - crowded with female elephants, male elephants, chariots, and horses

• महाजनओघैः (mahājanaoghaiḥ) - by crowds of many people, by multitudes of people

• परिपूर्णचत्वरम् (paripūrṇacatvaram) - having its courtyards filled

• प्रभूतरत्नम् (prabhūtaratnam) - having abundant jewels

• बहुपण्यसञ्चयम् (bahupaṇyasañcayam) - having many piles of goods

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

• रुचिरम् (ruciram) - beautiful, charming, splendid

• महापथम् (mahāpatham) - great road, main road, highway

Words meanings and morphology

करेणुमातङ्गरथाश्वसङ्कुलम् (kareṇumātaṅgarathāśvasaṅkulam) - crowded with female elephants, male elephants, chariots, and horses

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kareṇumātaṅgarathāśvasaṅkula

kareṇumātaṅgarathāśvasaṅkula - crowded with female elephants, male elephants, chariots, and horses

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kareṇu+mātaṅga+ratha+aśva+saṅkula)

• kareṇu – female elephant
  noun (feminine)
• mātaṅga – male elephant
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• saṅkula – crowded, filled, confused
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from root kul ('to gather') with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'mahāpatham'.

महाजनओघैः (mahājanaoghaiḥ) - by crowds of many people, by multitudes of people

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahājanaogha

mahājanaogha - great crowd of people

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahājana+ogha)

• mahājana – great person, common people
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – flood, torrent, multitude, crowd
  noun (masculine)

परिपूर्णचत्वरम् (paripūrṇacatvaram) - having its courtyards filled

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paripūrṇacatvara

paripūrṇacatvara - having full squares/courtyards

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (paripūrṇa+catvara)

• paripūrṇa – completely filled, full
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root pṛ ('to fill') with prefix pari.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: pṛ (class 3)
• catvara – square, courtyard, crossroads
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'mahāpatham'.

प्रभूतरत्नम् (prabhūtaratnam) - having abundant jewels

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prabhūtaratna

prabhūtaratna - rich in jewels, having abundant jewels

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prabhūta+ratna)

• prabhūta – abundant, much, originated
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhū ('to be, to become') with prefix pra.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ratna – jewel, precious stone
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'mahāpatham'.

बहुपण्यसञ्चयम् (bahupaṇyasañcayam) - having many piles of goods

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bahupaṇyasañcaya

bahupaṇyasañcaya - accumulation of many goods

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+paṇya+sañcaya)

• bahu – much, many, abundant
  adjective (neuter)
• paṇya – merchandise, goods for sale
  noun (neuter)
  Root: paṇ (class 1)
• sañcaya – collection, accumulation, heap
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ci ('to gather') with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'mahāpatham'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of dṛś

Perfect tense, 3rd singular

Reduplicated perfect form (Lit la-kāra).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of a legendary king), pleasing, dark-colored

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb 'dadarśa'.

रुचिरम् (ruciram) - beautiful, charming, splendid

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rucira

rucira - beautiful, charming, bright, pleasing

Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'mahāpatham'.

महापथम् (mahāpatham) - great road, main road, highway

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāpatha

mahāpatha - great road, main road, highway

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+patha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• patha – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)
  Root: path (class 1)

Note: Object of the verb 'dadarśa'.

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