वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-14, verse-1

स तदन्तःपुरद्वारं समतीत्य जनाकुलम् ।
प्रविविक्तां ततः कक्ष्यामाससाद पुराणवित् ॥१॥

1. sa tadantaḥpuradvāraṃ samatītya janākulam ,
praviviktāṃ tataḥ kakṣyāmāsasāda purāṇavit.

1. saḥ tat antaḥ-pura-dvāram samatītya jana-ākulam
praviviktām tataḥ kakṣyām āsasāda purāṇa-vit

1. saḥ purāṇa-vit jana-ākulam tat antaḥ-pura-dvāram
samatītya tataḥ praviviktām kakṣyām āsasāda

1. Having passed the inner palace gate, which was crowded with people, he, being familiar with ancient customs and places, then reached a secluded inner chamber.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he

• तत् (tat) - that

• अन्तः-पुर-द्वारम् (antaḥ-pura-dvāram) - inner palace gate

• समतीत्य (samatītya) - having passed, having crossed

• जन-आकुलम् (jana-ākulam) - crowded with people

• प्रविविक्ताम् (praviviktām) - secluded, solitary

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

• कक्ष्याम् (kakṣyām) - inner apartment, chamber, girth

• आससाद (āsasāda) - reached, attained

• पुराण-वित् (purāṇa-vit) - referring to the charioteer who is familiar with royal protocols/places. (knower of ancient lore/tradition)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'āsasāda'.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies 'antaḥ-pura-dvāram'.

अन्तः-पुर-द्वारम् (antaḥ-pura-dvāram) - inner palace gate

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of antaḥ-pura-dvāra

antaḥ-pura-dvāra - inner palace gate, gate of the women's apartment

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (antas+pura+dvāra)

• antas – inside, within
  indeclinable
• pura – city, fortress, palace
  noun (neuter)
• dvāra – door, gate, entrance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'samatītya'.

समतीत्य (samatītya) - having passed, having crossed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root i (to go) with prefixes sam-ati

Prefixes: sam+ati

Root: i (class 2)

जन-आकुलम् (jana-ākulam) - crowded with people

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jana-ākula

jana-ākula - crowded with people, bustling with men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+ākula)

• jana – man, person, people
  noun (masculine)
• ākula – confused, agitated, full of, crowded
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'antaḥ-pura-dvāram'.

प्रविविक्ताम् (praviviktām) - secluded, solitary

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pravivikta

pravivikta - secluded, solitary, separated

Past Passive Participle

Root vic (to separate) with prefix pra-vi (or vi-vic)

Prefixes: pra+vi

Root: vic (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'kakṣyām'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

(indeclinable)

कक्ष्याम् (kakṣyām) - inner apartment, chamber, girth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kakṣyā

kakṣyā - inner apartment, chamber, courtyard, girdle, girth

Note: Object of 'āsasāda'.

आससाद (āsasāda) - reached, attained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ā-sad

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

पुराण-वित् (purāṇa-vit) - referring to the charioteer who is familiar with royal protocols/places. (knower of ancient lore/tradition)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of purāṇa-vid

purāṇa-vid - knower of ancient lore, familiar with old traditions/places

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (purāṇa+vid)

• purāṇa – ancient, old, former; ancient tale/lore
  adjective (neuter)
• vid – knowing, knower
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Qualifies "saḥ".

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