वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-76, verse-5

गतो राम इति श्रुत्वा हृष्टः प्रमुदितो नृपः ।
चोदयामास तां सेनां जगामाशु ततः पुरीम् ॥५॥

5. gato rāma iti śrutvā hṛṣṭaḥ pramudito nṛpaḥ ,
codayāmāsa tāṃ senāṃ jagāmāśu tataḥ purīm.

5. gataḥ rāmaḥ iti śrutvā hṛṣṭaḥ pramuditaḥ nṛpaḥ
codayāmāsa tām senām jagāma āśu tataḥ purīm

5. rāmaḥ gataḥ iti śrutvā nṛpaḥ hṛṣṭaḥ pramuditaḥ
tām senām codayāmāsa tataḥ āśu purīm jagāma

5. Hearing, "Rāma has departed," the king became joyous and exceedingly delighted. He then ordered that army to proceed and quickly returned to the city.

Words meanings summery:

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed, reached

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (a proper name)

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotative particle)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - delighted, joyful, pleased

• प्रमुदितः (pramuditaḥ) - overjoyed, greatly delighted

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Dasharatha (king, ruler)

• चोदयामास (codayāmāsa) - caused to move, ordered, incited

• ताम् (tām) - that, her

• सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

• जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• पुरीम् (purīm) - the city of Ayodhyā (city, town)

Words meanings and morphology

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, understood

Past Passive Participle

formed from root 'gam' with suffix -ta

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as predicate adjective here

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama, pleasing, charming

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotative particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of the direct speech 'gataḥ rāmaḥ'

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

formed with suffix -tvā from root 'śru'

Root: śru (class 5)

हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - delighted, joyful, pleased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, thrilled

Past Passive Participle

formed from root 'hṛṣ' (to be excited, rejoice) with suffix -ta

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'nṛpaḥ'

प्रमुदितः (pramuditaḥ) - overjoyed, greatly delighted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pramudita

pramudita - greatly pleased, overjoyed

Past Passive Participle

formed from root 'mud' (to rejoice) with prefix 'pra' and suffix -ta

Prefix: pra

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'nṛpaḥ'

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Dasharatha (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

compound of 'nṛ' (man) and 'pa' (protector)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  from root 'pā' (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

चोदयामास (codayāmāsa) - caused to move, ordered, incited

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of codayāmāsa

Perfect (causative)

reduplicated perfect form of the causative of root 'cud'

Root: cud (class 10)

ताम् (tām) - that, her

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Modifies 'senām'

सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, troop

जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of jagāma

Perfect (lit)

reduplicated perfect form of root 'gam'

Root: gam (class 1)

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

from 'tad' + suffix 'tas'

पुरीम् (purīm) - the city of Ayodhyā (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, fortress

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