वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-76, verse-12

कृतदाराः कृतास्त्राश्च सधनाः ससुहृज्जनाः ।
शुश्रूषमाणाः पितरं वर्तयन्ति नरर्षभाः ॥१२॥

12. kṛtadārāḥ kṛtāstrāśca sadhanāḥ sasuhṛjjanāḥ ,
śuśrūṣamāṇāḥ pitaraṃ vartayanti nararṣabhāḥ.

12. kṛtadārāḥ kṛtāstrāḥ ca sadhanāḥ sasuhṛjjanāḥ
śuśrūṣamāṇāḥ pitaraṃ vartayanti nararṣabhāḥ

12. kṛtadārāḥ kṛtāstrāḥ ca sadhanāḥ sasuhṛjjanāḥ
nararṣabhāḥ pitaraṃ śuśrūṣamāṇāḥ vartayanti

12. Those best among men, who had taken wives, mastered weapons, were wealthy, and surrounded by friends, lived (their lives) serving their father.

Words meanings summery:

• कृतदाराः (kṛtadārāḥ) - having taken wives, married

• कृतास्त्राः (kṛtāstrāḥ) - skilled in weapons, whose weapons are mastered

• च (ca) - and

• सधनाः (sadhanāḥ) - with wealth, wealthy

• ससुहृज्जनाः (sasuhṛjjanāḥ) - with friends, accompanied by friends

• शुश्रूषमाणाः (śuśrūṣamāṇāḥ) - serving, wishing to serve

• पितरं (pitaraṁ) - father

• वर्तयन्ति (vartayanti) - they live, they act, they conduct themselves

• नरर्षभाः (nararṣabhāḥ) - best among men, bull among men

Words meanings and morphology

कृतदाराः (kṛtadārāḥ) - having taken wives, married

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtadāra

kṛtadāra - married, having taken a wife

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+dāra)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• dāra – wife
  noun (masculine)

कृतास्त्राः (kṛtāstrāḥ) - skilled in weapons, whose weapons are mastered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtāstra

kṛtāstra - skilled in weapons, having mastered arms

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+astra)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सधनाः (sadhanāḥ) - with wealth, wealthy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sadhana

sadhana - wealthy, rich, possessing wealth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+dhana)

• sa – with, together with (prefix)
  indeclinable
• dhana – wealth, property, riches
  noun (neuter)

ससुहृज्जनाः (sasuhṛjjanāḥ) - with friends, accompanied by friends

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sasuhṛjjana

sasuhṛjjana - accompanied by friends, having friends

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+suhṛjjana)

• sa – with, together with (prefix)
  indeclinable
• suhṛjjana – friend, good-hearted person
  noun (masculine)

शुश्रूषमाणाः (śuśrūṣamāṇāḥ) - serving, wishing to serve

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śuśrūṣamāṇa

śuśrūṣamāṇa - serving, wishing to hear/obey/serve

Present Participle

Ātmanepada, Desiderative of root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

पितरं (pitaraṁ) - father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, parent

वर्तयन्ति (vartayanti) - they live, they act, they conduct themselves

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present 3rd plural active, causative form

Root: vṛt (class 1)

नरर्षभाः (nararṣabhāḥ) - best among men, bull among men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nararṣabha

nararṣabha - chief of men, best of men, foremost man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, male
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

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