वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-37, verse-3

वैदर्भदुहिता राम केशिनी नाम नामतः ।
ज्येष्ठा सगरपत्नी सा धर्मिष्ठा सत्यवादिनी ॥३॥

3. vaidarbhaduhitā rāma keśinī nāma nāmataḥ ,
jyeṣṭhā sagarapatnī sā dharmiṣṭhā satyavādinī.

3. vaidarbhaduhitā rāma keśinī nāma nāmataḥ
jyeṣṭhā sagarapatnī sā dharmiṣṭhā satyavādinī

3. O Rāma, Keśinī by name was the daughter of the king of Vidarbha. She was the elder wife of Sagara, righteous (dharma) and truth-speaking.

Words meanings summery:

• वैदर्भदुहिता (vaidarbhaduhitā) - daughter of the king of Vidarbha

• राम (rāma) - O Rāma

• केशिनी (keśinī) - Keśinī (a proper name)

• नाम (nāma) - by name (by name, indeed, namely)

• नामतः (nāmataḥ) - by name (by name, by appellation)

• ज्येष्ठा (jyeṣṭhā) - the elder (eldest, senior, chief)

• सगरपत्नी (sagarapatnī) - wife of Sagara

• सा (sā) - She (she, that)

• धर्मिष्ठा (dharmiṣṭhā) - righteous (dharma) (most righteous, extremely virtuous, devout)

• सत्यवादिनी (satyavādinī) - truth-speaking (truth-speaking, truthful)

Words meanings and morphology

वैदर्भदुहिता (vaidarbhaduhitā) - daughter of the king of Vidarbha

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vaidarbhaduhitṛ

vaidarbhaduhitṛ - daughter of the king of Vidarbha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaidarbha+duhitṛ)

• vaidarbha – a king of Vidarbha; belonging to Vidarbha
  proper noun (masculine)
  Derived from Vidarbha (a kingdom in ancient India)
• duhitṛ – daughter
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'was'.

राम (rāma) - O Rāma

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name, hero of the Rāmāyaṇa)

Note: Address.

केशिनी (keśinī) - Keśinī (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of keśinī

keśinī - Keśinī (a proper name, wife of Sagara)

Note: Refers to Sagara's wife.

नाम (nāma) - by name (by name, indeed, namely)

(indeclinable)

नामतः (nāmataḥ) - by name (by name, by appellation)

(indeclinable)

Tasil suffix (-tas) indicating 'from/by means of name'

ज्येष्ठा (jyeṣṭhā) - the elder (eldest, senior, chief)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, oldest, chief, principal

Superlative degree of 'vṛddha' (old)

Note: Qualifies 'sagarapatnī'.

सगरपत्नी (sagarapatnī) - wife of Sagara

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sagarapatnī

sagarapatnī - wife of Sagara

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sagara+patnī)

• sagara – Sagara (a proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• patnī – wife
  noun (feminine)

Note: Main subject phrase.

सा (sā) - She (she, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Keśinī.

धर्मिष्ठा (dharmiṣṭhā) - righteous (dharma) (most righteous, extremely virtuous, devout)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dharmiṣṭha

dharmiṣṭha - most righteous, extremely virtuous, adhering strongly to natural law (dharma)

Superlative degree of dharma-in (righteous)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Keśinī.

सत्यवादिनी (satyavādinī) - truth-speaking (truth-speaking, truthful)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of satyavādin

satyavādin - truth-speaking, truthful

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaking, speaker, proclaiming
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Participle
  From root vad (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Keśinī.

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