वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-21, verse-7

कलापिनौ धनुष्पाणी शोभयानौ दिशो दश ।
विश्वामित्रं महात्मानं त्रिशीर्षाविव पन्नगौ ।
अनुजग्मतुरक्षुद्रौ पितामहमिवाश्विनौ ॥७॥

7. kalāpinau dhanuṣpāṇī śobhayānau diśo daśa ,
viśvāmitraṃ mahātmānaṃ triśīrṣāviva pannagau ,
anujagmaturakṣudrau pitāmahamivāśvinau.

7. kalāpinau dhanuṣpāṇī śobhayānau
diśaḥ daśa viśvāmitram mahātmānam
triśīrṣau iva pannagau anujagmatuḥ
akṣudrau pitāmaham iva aśvinau

7. kalāpinau dhanuṣpāṇī śobhayānau
daśa diśaḥ akṣudrau viśvāmitram
mahātmānam anujagmatuḥ triśīrṣau
pannagau iva aśvinau pitāmaham iva

7. Bearing quivers and bows in hand, and illuminating the ten directions, the two (Rama and Lakṣmaṇa) followed the great soul (mahā-ātman) Viśvāmitra. They resembled two three-headed serpents (pannagau), or the two mighty Aśvins following their grandfather (Brahmā).

Words meanings summery:

• कलापिनौ (kalāpinau) - bearing quivers (referring to Rama and Lakṣmaṇa) (having quivers, peacocks)

• धनुष्पाणी (dhanuṣpāṇī) - holding bows in hand (having a bow in hand)

• शोभयानौ (śobhayānau) - illuminating, adorning (by their presence) (beautifying, adorning, shining)

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

• दश (daśa) - ten (directions) (ten)

• विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra (accusative))

• महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the great soul (mahā-ātman) (Viśvāmitra) (the great soul/being (accusative))

• त्रिशीर्षौ (triśīrṣau) - two three-headed ones (three-headed)

• इव (iva) - like, as if (like, as, as if)

• पन्नगौ (pannagau) - two serpents

• अनुजग्मतुः (anujagmatuḥ) - followed

• अक्षुद्रौ (akṣudrau) - mighty (not small, not insignificant, mighty, powerful)

• पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - their grandfather (Brahmā) (grandfather, Brahmā (accusative))

• इव (iva) - like, as if (like, as, as if)

• अश्विनौ (aśvinau) - the two Aśvins (the two Aśvins (divine twin horsemen))

Words meanings and morphology

कलापिनौ (kalāpinau) - bearing quivers (referring to Rama and Lakṣmaṇa) (having quivers, peacocks)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kalāpin

kalāpin - having a quiver; a peacock (from kalāpa: quiver, peacock's tail)

from kalāpa (quiver/ornament) + -in (possessive suffix)

धनुष्पाणी (dhanuṣpāṇī) - holding bows in hand (having a bow in hand)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of dhanuṣpāṇi

dhanuṣpāṇi - bow-handed, holding a bow in hand

compound of dhanuṣ (bow) and pāṇi (hand)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhanus+pāṇi)

• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

शोभयानौ (śobhayānau) - illuminating, adorning (by their presence) (beautifying, adorning, shining)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śobhayāna

śobhayāna - beautifying, adorning, shining, making splendid

Present Participle

Present participle (ātmanepada) from causative of √śubh (to shine, be beautiful)

Root: √śubh (class 1)

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, cardinal point, region

Root: √diś (class 6)

दश (daśa) - ten (directions) (ten)

(numeral)

Note: modifies 'diśaḥ'

विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - name of a celebrated Vedic sage

compound of viśva (all) and mitra (friend)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viśva+mitra)

• viśva – all, universal, whole
  adjective
• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)

महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the great soul (mahā-ātman) (Viśvāmitra) (the great soul/being (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great soul, great being, noble, high-minded

compound of mahā (great) and ātman (soul, self)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Viśvāmitra.

त्रिशीर्षौ (triśīrṣau) - two three-headed ones (three-headed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of triśīrṣa

triśīrṣa - three-headed

compound of tri (three) and śīrṣa (head)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tri+śīrṣa)

• tri – three
  numeral
• śīrṣa – head, top
  noun (neuter)

इव (iva) - like, as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

पन्नगौ (pannagau) - two serpents

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pannaga

pannaga - serpent, snake (literally 'moving with feet' - though they are legless, perhaps referring to the hood or scales resembling feet, or poetic irony)

compound of panna (fallen, gone) and ga (going)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (panna+ga)

• panna – fallen, gone, descended
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √pad (to go, fall)
  Root: √pad (class 4)
• ga – going, moving, a goer
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from √gam (to go)
  Root: √gam (class 1)

अनुजग्मतुः (anujagmatuḥ) - followed

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of anu-√gam

Perfect tense

reduplicated perfect, 3rd person dual, active voice (from anu + √gam)

Prefix: anu

Root: √gam (class 1)

अक्षुद्रौ (akṣudrau) - mighty (not small, not insignificant, mighty, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of akṣudra

akṣudra - not small, not insignificant, great, powerful, noble

negation of kṣudra (small, insignificant)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣudra)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• kṣudra – small, insignificant, mean, minor
  adjective (masculine)

पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - their grandfather (Brahmā) (grandfather, Brahmā (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather; a name for Brahmā

compound of pitā (father) and mahā (great)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+mahā)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective

इव (iva) - like, as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

अश्विनौ (aśvinau) - the two Aśvins (the two Aśvins (divine twin horsemen))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of aśvin

aśvin - the Aśvins (twin Vedic deities associated with dawn, medicine, and chariots)

from aśva (horse) + -in (possessive suffix)

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