वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-10, verse-21

ऋषिपुत्रः प्रतिश्रुत्य तथेत्याह नृपं तदा ।
स नृपेणाभ्यनुज्ञातः प्रययौ सह भार्यया ॥२१॥

21. ṛṣiputraḥ pratiśrutya tathetyāha nṛpaṃ tadā ,
sa nṛpeṇābhyanujñātaḥ prayayau saha bhāryayā.

21. ṛṣiputraḥ pratiśrutya tathā iti āha nṛpam tadā
saḥ nṛpeṇa abhyanujñātaḥ prayayau saha bhāryayā

21. ṛṣiputraḥ tathā iti pratiśrutya tadā nṛpam āha
saḥ nṛpeṇa abhyanujñātaḥ bhāryayā saha prayayau

21. The son of the sage (Ṛśyaśṛṅga), having assented with 'So be it,' then spoke thus to the king (Romapāda). He, having been granted leave by the king, departed with his wife.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषिपुत्रः (ṛṣiputraḥ) - Ṛśyaśṛṅga (the son of the sage)

• प्रतिश्रुत्य (pratiśrutya) - having promised, having assented

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying (marks direct speech or thought)

• आह (āha) - he said, he spoke

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - to King Romapāda (to the king)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• सः (saḥ) - Ṛśyaśṛṅga (he)

• नृपेण (nṛpeṇa) - by King Romapāda (by the king)

• अभ्यनुज्ञातः (abhyanujñātaḥ) - having been permitted, having been granted leave

• प्रययौ (prayayau) - he went forth, he departed

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• भार्यया (bhāryayā) - with (his) wife

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषिपुत्रः (ṛṣiputraḥ) - Ṛśyaśṛṅga (the son of the sage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣiputra

ṛṣiputra - son of a sage

Compound of ṛṣi (sage) and putra (son).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (ṛṣi+putra)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

प्रतिश्रुत्य (pratiśrutya) - having promised, having assented

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Derived from root śru (to hear) with prefix prati and suffix -ya (after prefix).

Prefix: prati

Root: śru (class 5)

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, so saying (marks direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

आह (āha) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ah

Perfect

Third person singular active perfect, derived from root ah. Irregular form.

Root: ah (class 2)

नृपम् (nṛpam) - to King Romapāda (to the king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (lit. 'protector of men')

Compound of nṛ (men) and pa (protector).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – men, people
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - Ṛśyaśṛṅga (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नृपेण (nṛpeṇa) - by King Romapāda (by the king)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Compound of nṛ (men) and pa (protector).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – men, people
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

अभ्यनुज्ञातः (abhyanujñātaḥ) - having been permitted, having been granted leave

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyanujñāta

jñā - to know, to permit

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jñā (to know, to permit) with prefixes abhi and anu. abhi + anu + jñā + kta.

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (abhi+anu+jñāta)

• abhi – towards, against
  indeclinable
• anu – after, along, with
  indeclinable
• jñāta – known, permitted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root jñā (to know) with kta suffix.
  Root: jñā (class 9)

प्रययौ (prayayau) - he went forth, he departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of yā

Perfect

Third person singular active perfect, derived from root yā with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

भार्यया (bhāryayā) - with (his) wife

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle (feminine)

Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, support) with suffix -ya + ā (feminine). Means 'she who is to be supported/maintained'.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

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