महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-65, verse-39

नासां शीतातपौ स्यातां सदैताः कर्म कुर्वते ।
न वर्षं विषमं वापि दुःखमासां भवत्युत ॥३९॥

39. nāsāṁ śītātapau syātāṁ sadaitāḥ karma kurvate ,
na varṣaṁ viṣamaṁ vāpi duḥkhamāsāṁ bhavatyuta.

39. na āsām śītātapau syātām sadā etāḥ karma kurvate
na varṣam viṣamam vā api duḥkham āsām bhavati uta

39. etāḥ karma kurvate āsām sadā śītātapau na syātām
na viṣamam varṣam vā api āsām duḥkham uta bhavati

39. For these (cows), neither cold nor heat should always exist, as they perform their function. Nor does adverse rain or indeed any suffering come upon them.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• आसाम् (āsām) - for these cows (of these, to these, for these)

• शीतातपौ (śītātapau) - cold and heat

• स्याताम् (syātām) - may be, should be, exist

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• एताः (etāḥ) - these cows (these)

• कर्म (karma) - their natural function or duty (action, work, duty, function)

• कुर्वते (kurvate) - they do, they perform

• न (na) - not, no

• वर्षम् (varṣam) - rain

• विषमम् (viṣamam) - uneven, difficult, adverse

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, pain, misery

• आसाम् (āsām) - for these cows (of these, to these, for these)

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, arises

• उत (uta) - indeed, moreover

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आसाम् (āsām) - for these cows (of these, to these, for these)

(pronoun)

feminine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

शीतातपौ (śītātapau) - cold and heat

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śītātapa

śītātapa - cold and heat

Compound type : dvandva (śīta+ātapa)

• śīta – cold
  noun (neuter)
• ātapa – heat, sunshine
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: tap (class 1)

स्याताम् (syātām) - may be, should be, exist

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

एताः (etāḥ) - these cows (these)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of etas

etas - this, these

कर्म (karma) - their natural function or duty (action, work, duty, function)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, work, deed, religious rite, function (karma)

Derived from root kṛ (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कुर्वते (kurvate) - they do, they perform

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

वर्षम् (varṣam) - rain

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of varṣa

varṣa - rain, year

Derived from root vṛṣ (to rain).

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

विषमम् (viṣamam) - uneven, difficult, adverse

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viṣama

viṣama - uneven, difficult, adverse, dangerous

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, pain, misery

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, misery, sorrow

आसाम् (āsām) - for these cows (of these, to these, for these)

(pronoun)

feminine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, arises

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

उत (uta) - indeed, moreover

(indeclinable)

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