महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-65, verse-31

न चोषरां न निर्दग्धां महीं दद्यात्कथंचन ।
न श्मशानपरीतां च न च पापनिषेविताम् ॥३१॥

31. na coṣarāṁ na nirdagdhāṁ mahīṁ dadyātkathaṁcana ,
na śmaśānaparītāṁ ca na ca pāpaniṣevitām.

31. na ca uṣarām na nirdagdhām mahīm dadyāt kathaṃcana
na śmaśānaparītām ca na ca pāpaniṣevitām

31. na uṣarām ca na nirdagdhām mahīm na śmaśānaparītām
ca na ca pāpaniṣevitām kathaṃcana dadyāt

31. One should never give land that is barren, burnt, surrounded by a cremation ground, or frequented by sinners.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• उषराम् (uṣarām) - barren land (barren, saline, infertile (land))

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• निर्दग्धाम् (nirdagdhām) - land that is burnt (burnt, consumed by fire)

• महीम् (mahīm) - land, earth, ground

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should give

• कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - in any way, by no means, never

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• श्मशानपरीताम् (śmaśānaparītām) - land surrounded by a cremation ground (surrounded/enclosed by a cremation ground)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• पापनिषेविताम् (pāpaniṣevitām) - land frequented by sinners (frequented by sinners, inhabited by the wicked)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

उषराम् (uṣarām) - barren land (barren, saline, infertile (land))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of uṣara

uṣara - barren, saline, infertile (land); salt marsh

Note: Agrees with mahīm (implied)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

निर्दग्धाम् (nirdagdhām) - land that is burnt (burnt, consumed by fire)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nirdagdha

nirdagdha - burnt, consumed by fire, scorched

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √dah (to burn) with prefix nir-

Prefix: nir

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mahīm (implied)

महीम् (mahīm) - land, earth, ground

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, land, ground

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should give

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of dā

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: dā (class 3)

कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - in any way, by no means, never

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

श्मशानपरीताम् (śmaśānaparītām) - land surrounded by a cremation ground (surrounded/enclosed by a cremation ground)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śmaśānaparīta

śmaśānaparīta - surrounded by a cremation ground

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śmaśāna+parīta)

• śmaśāna – cremation ground, cemetery
  noun (neuter)
• parīta – surrounded, encompassed, enveloped
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √i (to go) with prefix pari-
  Prefix: pari
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with mahīm (implied)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

पापनिषेविताम् (pāpaniṣevitām) - land frequented by sinners (frequented by sinners, inhabited by the wicked)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pāpaniṣevita

pāpaniṣevita - frequented by sinners, inhabited by the wicked

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāpa+niṣevita)

• pāpa – sin, evil, wicked
  noun (neuter)
• niṣevita – frequented, attended, resorted to
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √sev (to attend, serve) with prefix ni-
  Prefix: ni
  Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mahīm (implied)

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