महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-65, verse-14

उत्पन्ने च पुरा हव्ये कुशिकर्षिः परंतप ।
तिलैरग्नित्रयं हुत्वा प्राप्तवान्गतिमुत्तमाम् ॥१४॥

14. utpanne ca purā havye kuśikarṣiḥ paraṁtapa ,
tilairagnitrayaṁ hutvā prāptavāngatimuttamām.

14. utpanne ca purā havye kuśikarṣiḥ paraṃtapa
tilaiḥ agnitrayam hutvā prāptavān gatim uttamām

14. ca purā havye utpanne paraṃtapa kuśikarṣiḥ
tilaiḥ agnitrayam hutvā uttamām gatim prāptavān

14. And previously, when an oblation (havya) was prepared, the sage Kuśika, tormentor of foes, having offered into the three fires with sesame seeds, attained the supreme state.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्पन्ने (utpanne) - when prepared/made ready (in the context of an oblation) (arisen, produced, happened, prepared)

• च (ca) - and, also

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, previously

• हव्ये (havye) - when the oblation/Vedic ritual was prepared (in the oblation, in the offering)

• कुशिकर्षिः (kuśikarṣiḥ) - the sage Kuśika

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - epithet for the sage Kuśika (tormentor of foes, conqueror of enemies)

• तिलैः (tilaiḥ) - with sesame seeds

• अग्नित्रयम् (agnitrayam) - The three sacred fires used in Vedic rituals (Gārhapatya, Āhavanīya, Dakṣiṇāgni) (the three fires)

• हुत्वा (hutvā) - having offered, having sacrificed

• प्राप्तवान् (prāptavān) - he attained, he obtained, he reached

• गतिम् (gatim) - state, goal (state, course, destination, goal, liberation)

• उत्तमाम् (uttamām) - highest, supreme, best, excellent

Words meanings and morphology

उत्पन्ने (utpanne) - when prepared/made ready (in the context of an oblation) (arisen, produced, happened, prepared)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of utpanna

utpanna - arisen, produced, born, happened, prepared

Past Passive Participle

From root pad (to go, fall) with prefixes ud- and pra-

Prefixes: ud+pra

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, previously

(indeclinable)

हव्ये (havye) - when the oblation/Vedic ritual was prepared (in the oblation, in the offering)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of havya

havya - oblation, sacrificial offering, that which is to be offered

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From root hu (to offer)

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

कुशिकर्षिः (kuśikarṣiḥ) - the sage Kuśika

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuśikarṣi

kuśikarṣi - the sage Kuśika, a descendant of Kuśika

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuśika+ṛṣi)

• kuśika – name of an ancient sage, progenitor of the Kauśikas
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – a seer, an inspired poet, a sage
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - epithet for the sage Kuśika (tormentor of foes, conqueror of enemies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, conqueror of enemies, causing pain to others

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (param+tapa)

• param – others, foes
  pronoun (neuter)
• tapa – heat, penance, austerity; one who heats/scorches
  noun (masculine)
  From root tap (to heat)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Vocative or nominative, here functioning as an epithet for Kuśika.

तिलैः (tilaiḥ) - with sesame seeds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tila

tila - sesame seed

Note: Means 'by means of sesame seeds'.

अग्नित्रयम् (agnitrayam) - The three sacred fires used in Vedic rituals (Gārhapatya, Āhavanīya, Dakṣiṇāgni) (the three fires)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of agnitraya

agnitraya - the three sacred fires (Gārhapatya, Āhavanīya, Dakṣiṇāgni)

Compound type : dvigu (agni+traya)

• agni – fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)
• traya – group of three, triplet
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of the gerund 'hutvā'.

हुत्वा (hutvā) - having offered, having sacrificed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root hu (to offer), with suffix -tvā

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

प्राप्तवान् (prāptavān) - he attained, he obtained, he reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāptavat

prāptavat - having attained, having obtained, having reached

Past Active Participle (Perfect Active Participle)

From root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra- and suffix -vat (kṛt)

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Functions as the main verb of the sentence, 'he attained'.

गतिम् (gatim) - state, goal (state, course, destination, goal, liberation)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, course, way, path, state, condition, goal, destination, liberation

From root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'prāptavān'.

उत्तमाम् (uttamām) - highest, supreme, best, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, supreme, best, excellent, principal

Note: Qualifies 'gatim'.

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