महानिर्वाण-तन्त्रम्
mahānirvāṇa-tantram
-
chapter-9, verse-3
अतो विप्रादिभिर्वर्णैः स्वस्ववर्णोक्तसंस्क्रिया ।
कर्तव्या सर्वथा यत्नैरिहामुत्र हितेप्सुभिः ॥३॥
कर्तव्या सर्वथा यत्नैरिहामुत्र हितेप्सुभिः ॥३॥
3. ato viprādibhirvarṇaiḥ svasvavarṇoktasaṁskriyā ,
kartavyā sarvathā yatnairihāmutra hitepsubhiḥ.
kartavyā sarvathā yatnairihāmutra hitepsubhiḥ.
3.
ataḥ viprādibhiḥ varṇaiḥ sva-sva-varṇa-ukta-saṃskriyā
kartavyā sarvathā yatnaiḥ iha amutra hita-īpsubhiḥ
kartavyā sarvathā yatnaiḥ iha amutra hita-īpsubhiḥ
3.
ataḥ iha amutra hita-īpsubhiḥ viprādibhiḥ varṇaiḥ
sva-sva-varṇa-ukta-saṃskriyā sarvathā yatnaiḥ kartavyā
sva-sva-varṇa-ukta-saṃskriyā sarvathā yatnaiḥ kartavyā
3. Therefore, those who desire well-being in this world and the next should always diligently perform the purificatory rites prescribed for their respective social classes, beginning with brahmins.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, hence
- विप्रादिभिः (viprādibhiḥ) - by those beginning with brahmins
- वर्णैः (varṇaiḥ) - by the social classes (varṇas)
- स्व-स्व-वर्ण-उक्त-संस्क्रिया (sva-sva-varṇa-ukta-saṁskriyā) - the purificatory rite declared for each respective social class
- कर्तव्या (kartavyā) - should be performed, ought to be done
- सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in all ways, by all means, always
- यत्नैः (yatnaiḥ) - with efforts, diligently
- इह (iha) - here, in this world
- अमुत्र (amutra) - there, in the other world
- हित-ईप्सुभिः (hita-īpsubhiḥ) - by those desiring well-being, by those seeking welfare
Words meanings and morphology
अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, hence
(indeclinable)
विप्रादिभिः (viprādibhiḥ) - by those beginning with brahmins
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of viprādi
viprādi - beginning with brahmins
Compound type : bahuvrihi (vipra+ādi)
- vipra – brahmin, inspired one, sage
noun (masculine)
Root: vip (class 6) - ādi – beginning, et cetera
noun (masculine)
वर्णैः (varṇaiḥ) - by the social classes (varṇas)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of varṇa
varṇa - social class, color, caste
Root: vṛ (class 5)
स्व-स्व-वर्ण-उक्त-संस्क्रिया (sva-sva-varṇa-ukta-saṁskriyā) - the purificatory rite declared for each respective social class
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of sva-sva-varṇokta-saṃskriyā
sva-sva-varṇokta-saṁskriyā - purificatory rite prescribed for each respective varṇa
Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+sva+varṇa+ukta+saṃskriyā)
- sva – own, respective
adjective (masculine) - sva – own, respective
adjective (masculine) - varṇa – social class
noun (masculine)
Root: vṛ (class 5) - ukta – said, declared, prescribed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from vac root
Root: vac (class 2) - saṃskriyā – purificatory rite, consecration
noun (feminine)
sam + kṛ
Prefix: sam
Root: kṛ (class 8)
कर्तव्या (kartavyā) - should be performed, ought to be done
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of kartavya
kartavya - to be done, obligatory
Gerundive
from kṛ root
Root: kṛ (class 8)
सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in all ways, by all means, always
(indeclinable)
यत्नैः (yatnaiḥ) - with efforts, diligently
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of yatna
yatna - effort, endeavor, exertion
Root: yat (class 1)
इह (iha) - here, in this world
(indeclinable)
अमुत्र (amutra) - there, in the other world
(indeclinable)
हित-ईप्सुभिः (hita-īpsubhiḥ) - by those desiring well-being, by those seeking welfare
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of hita-īpsu
hita-īpsu - desiring well-being, seeking welfare
Compound type : tatpurusha (hita+īpsu)
- hita – well-being, welfare, good
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
from dhā root
Root: dhā (class 3) - īpsu – desiring, wishing to obtain
adjective (masculine)
Root: āp (class 5)