वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-74, verse-13

शोच्यस्त्वमसि दुर्बुद्धे निन्दनीयश्च साधुभिः ।
यस्त्वं स्वजनमुत्सृज्य परभृत्यत्वमागतः ॥१३॥

13. śocyastvamasi durbuddhe nindanīyaśca sādhubhiḥ ,
yastvaṃ svajanamutsṛjya parabhṛtyatvamāgataḥ.

13. śocyaḥ tvam asi durbuddhe nindanīyaḥ ca sādhubhiḥ
yaḥ tvam svajanam utsṛjya parabhṛtyatvam āgataḥ

13. durbuddhe tvam śocyaḥ asi ca sādhubhiḥ nindanīyaḥ
yaḥ tvam svajanam utsṛjya parabhṛtyatvam āgataḥ

13. O foolish one, you are pitiable and censurable by good people, you who have abandoned your own kin and resorted to serving others.

Words meanings summery:

• शोच्यः (śocyaḥ) - pitiable, lamentable, regrettable

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• असि (asi) - you are

• दुर्बुद्धे (durbuddhe) - O foolish one, O ill-minded one

• निन्दनीयः (nindanīyaḥ) - censurable, blameworthy, contemptible

• च (ca) - and, also

• साधुभिः (sādhubhiḥ) - by good people, by virtuous persons, by sages

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• स्वजनम् (svajanam) - one's own kin, one's own people/family

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having cast off, having relinquished

• परभृत्यत्वम् (parabhṛtyatvam) - servitude to others, dependence on others

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - come, arrived, resorted to

Words meanings and morphology

शोच्यः (śocyaḥ) - pitiable, lamentable, regrettable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śocya

śocya - pitiable, lamentable, to be grieved for

Gerundive

From root śuc (to grieve, sorrow)

Root: śuc (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

दुर्बुद्धे (durbuddhe) - O foolish one, O ill-minded one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of durbuddhi

durbuddhi - foolish, ill-minded, wicked intellect

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+buddhi)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
  prefix
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, perception
  noun (feminine)
  Root budh (to know, perceive) + -ti suffix
  Root: budh (class 1)

निन्दनीयः (nindanīyaḥ) - censurable, blameworthy, contemptible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nindanīya

nindanīya - to be censured, blameworthy, despicable

Gerundive

From root nind (to blame, censure)

Root: nind (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

साधुभिः (sādhubhiḥ) - by good people, by virtuous persons, by sages

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, holy man, sage

From root sādh (to accomplish)

Root: sādh (class 5)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

स्वजनम् (svajanam) - one's own kin, one's own people/family

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svajana

svajana - one's own people, kin, relative

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+jana)

• sva – one's own
  adjective
• jana – person, people, mankind
  noun (masculine)
  Root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having cast off, having relinquished

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From root sṛj (to create, let go) with prefix ut

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

परभृत्यत्वम् (parabhṛtyatvam) - servitude to others, dependence on others

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parabhṛtyatva

parabhṛtyatva - servitude to others, condition of being a servant of others

Derived from para (other) + bhṛtya (servant) + -tva (suffix for abstract noun)

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+bhṛtya+tva)

• para – other, another
  adjective (masculine)
• bhṛtya – servant, dependent, to be supported
  noun (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Root bhṛ (to bear, support)
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)
• tva – suffix forming abstract nouns, 'state of being'
  indeclinable (neuter)
  Suffix

आगतः (āgataḥ) - come, arrived, resorted to

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

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