वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-58, verse-7

अहमस्मिन् गिरौ दुर्गे बहुयोजनमायते ।
चिरान्निपतितो वृद्धः क्षीणप्राणपराक्रमः ॥७॥

7. ahamasmin girau durge bahuyojanamāyate ,
cirānnipatito vṛddhaḥ kṣīṇaprāṇaparākramaḥ.

7. aham asmin girau durge bahuyojanam āyate
cirāt nipatitaḥ vṛddhaḥ kṣīṇaprāṇaparākramaḥ

7. aham asmin durge bahuyojanam āyate girau
cirāt nipatitaḥ vṛddhaḥ kṣīṇaprāṇaparākramaḥ

7. I am an old one, fallen here a long time ago on this vast, inaccessible mountain, with my vital energy and strength diminished.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, Sampati) (I)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (mountain) (in this)

• गिरौ (girau) - on this mountain (on the mountain)

• दुर्गे (durge) - on an inaccessible (mountain) (in a difficult place, in a fortress)

• बहुयोजनम् (bahuyojanam) - for many yojanas (as an extent) (many yojanas)

• आयते (āyate) - extending (for many yojanas) (extended, long)

• चिरात् (cirāt) - a long time ago (for a long time, long ago)

• निपतितः (nipatitaḥ) - fallen (from the sky) (fallen down, descended)

• वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old (aged) (old, aged, grown)

• क्षीणप्राणपराक्रमः (kṣīṇaprāṇaparākramaḥ) - with diminished vital energy and strength (one whose life-force and valor are diminished)

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, Sampati) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

1st person singular pronoun.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (mountain) (in this)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Modifies 'girau'.

गिरौ (girau) - on this mountain (on the mountain)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

दुर्गे (durge) - on an inaccessible (mountain) (in a difficult place, in a fortress)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of durga

durga - difficult to access, inaccessible, fortress, stronghold

From dur (bad, difficult) + √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

बहुयोजनम् (bahuyojanam) - for many yojanas (as an extent) (many yojanas)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahuyojana

bahuyojana - many yojanas, of many leagues

Compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bahu+yojana)

• bahu – much, many, numerous
  adjective (masculine)
• yojana – league (measure of distance, approx. 8-15 km), yoking
  noun (neuter)
  From √yuj (to yoke).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Adverbial accusative, or part of a bahuvrihi compound with 'āyata'.

आयते (āyate) - extending (for many yojanas) (extended, long)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of āyata

āyata - extended, stretched, long, vast

Past Passive Participle

From ā + √yam (to stretch, extend).

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

चिरात् (cirāt) - a long time ago (for a long time, long ago)

(indeclinable)

Often used adverbially in ablative.

Note: Adverbial ablative.

निपतितः (nipatitaḥ) - fallen (from the sky) (fallen down, descended)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nipatita

nipatita - fallen, descended, alighted

Past Passive Participle

From ni + √pat (to fall).

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Although PPP, can function actively for intransitive verbs.

वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old (aged) (old, aged, grown)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛdh (to grow, increase).

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Functions adjectivally.

क्षीणप्राणपराक्रमः (kṣīṇaprāṇaparākramaḥ) - with diminished vital energy and strength (one whose life-force and valor are diminished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣīṇaprāṇaparākrama

kṣīṇaprāṇaparākrama - one whose vital powers and strength are wasted, whose life and valor are diminished

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṣīṇa+prāṇa+parākrama)

• kṣīṇa – diminished, wasted, worn out, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kṣi (to decay, waste away).
  Root: kṣi (class 5)
• prāṇa – breath, life-force, vital air
  noun (masculine)
  From pra + √an (to breathe).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)
• parākrama – valor, strength, prowess, enterprise
  noun (masculine)
  From parā + √kram (to step, go).
  Prefix: parā
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Describes the state of 'aham'.

Previous Verse Next Verse