वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-53, verse-16

स्मरन्तः पुत्रदाराणां नित्योद्विग्ना बुभुक्षिताः ।
खेदिता दुःखशय्याभिस्त्वां करिष्यन्ति पृष्ठतः ॥१६॥

16. smarantaḥ putradārāṇāṃ nityodvignā bubhukṣitāḥ ,
kheditā duḥkhaśayyābhistvāṃ kariṣyanti pṛṣṭhataḥ.

16. smarantaḥ putra-dārāṇām nitya-udvignāḥ bubhukṣitāḥ
kheditāḥ duḥkha-śayyābhiḥ tvām kariṣyanti pṛṣṭhataḥ

16. putra-dārāṇām smarantaḥ nitya-udvignāḥ bubhukṣitāḥ
duḥkha-śayyābhiḥ kheditāḥ tvām pṛṣṭhataḥ kariṣyanti

16. Constantly anxious, hungry, and exhausted by uncomfortable resting places, and remembering their sons and wives, they will turn their backs on you.

Words meanings summery:

• स्मरन्तः (smarantaḥ) - remembering, thinking of

• पुत्र-दाराणाम् (putra-dārāṇām) - of sons and wives

• नित्य-उद्विग्नाः (nitya-udvignāḥ) - constantly distressed, always anxious

• बुभुक्षिताः (bubhukṣitāḥ) - hungry, desirous of eating

• खेदिताः (kheditāḥ) - troubled, exhausted, pained

• दुःख-शय्याभिः (duḥkha-śayyābhiḥ) - by uncomfortable resting places (by painful beds, by uncomfortable resting places)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• करिष्यन्ति (kariṣyanti) - they will make (you their back, i.e., abandon you) (they will do, they will make)

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - (will make you) turn their back on (you), abandon (from the back, behind, on the back)

Words meanings and morphology

स्मरन्तः (smarantaḥ) - remembering, thinking of

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of smarant

smarant - remembering, thinking, recollecting, mindful

Present Active Participle

From root smṛ- (to remember)

Root: smṛ (class 1)

पुत्र-दाराणाम् (putra-dārāṇām) - of sons and wives

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra-dāra

putra-dāra - sons and wives, family

Compound type : dvandva (putra+dāra)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• dāra – wife (singular), wives (plural), spouse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'smarantaḥ'.

नित्य-उद्विग्नाः (nitya-udvignāḥ) - constantly distressed, always anxious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nitya-udvigna

nitya-udvigna - constantly anxious, always agitated, perpetually distressed

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nitya+udvigna)

• nitya – constant, perpetual, eternal, always
  adjective/indeclinable
• udvigna – agitated, alarmed, anxious, distressed, disturbed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vij- (to tremble) with prefix ud-
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Agrees with implied subject (monkeys).

बुभुक्षिताः (bubhukṣitāḥ) - hungry, desirous of eating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bubhukṣita

bubhukṣita - hungry, desirous of eating

Past Passive Participle of Desiderative

From desiderative stem of root bhuj- (to eat, enjoy)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with implied subject (monkeys).

खेदिताः (kheditāḥ) - troubled, exhausted, pained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of khedita

khedita - troubled, distressed, fatigued, exhausted, made unhappy

Past Passive Participle

From causative stem of root khid- (to be distressed)

Root: khid (class 6)

Note: Agrees with implied subject (monkeys).

दुःख-शय्याभिः (duḥkha-śayyābhiḥ) - by uncomfortable resting places (by painful beds, by uncomfortable resting places)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of duḥkha-śayyā

duḥkha-śayyā - a painful bed, uncomfortable couch, distressed sleep

Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥkha+śayyā)

• duḥkha – pain, suffering, misery, difficulty, sorrow
  noun (neuter)
• śayyā – bed, couch, lying down, sleeping, rest
  noun (feminine)
  From root śī- (to lie down)
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Instrument of 'kheditāḥ'.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

Note: Object of 'kariṣyanti'.

करिष्यन्ति (kariṣyanti) - they will make (you their back, i.e., abandon you) (they will do, they will make)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṛ

Future Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

From root kṛ- (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with 'pṛṣṭhataḥ' to form an idiom meaning 'to abandon'.

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - (will make you) turn their back on (you), abandon (from the back, behind, on the back)

(indeclinable)

From pṛṣṭha (back) + suffix -tas (indicating motion from or location)

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