वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-94, verse-21

अमात्यानुपधातीतान्पितृपैतामहाञ् शुचीन् ।
श्रेष्ठाञ् श्रेष्ठेषु कच्चित्त्वं नियोजयसि कर्मसु ॥२१॥

21. amātyānupadhātītānpitṛpaitāmahāñ śucīn ,
śreṣṭhāñ śreṣṭheṣu kaccittvaṃ niyojayasi karmasu.

21. amātyān upadhātītān pitṛpaitāmahān śucīn śreṣṭhān
śreṣṭheṣu kaccit tvam niyojayasi karmasu

21. kaccit tvam amātyān upadhātītān pitṛpaitāmahān
śucīn śreṣṭhān śreṣṭheṣu karmasu niyojayasi

21. Do you appoint as ministers those who are hereditary, pure, and have passed the tests of integrity, specifically assigning the best among them to the most important duties?

Words meanings summery:

• अमात्यान् (amātyān) - ministers (ministers, advisors, companions)

• उपधातीतान् (upadhātītān) - those who have passed tests of integrity (those who have passed tests of integrity, those beyond corruption)

• पितृपैतामहान् (pitṛpaitāmahān) - hereditary (ministers) (hereditary, ancestral, belonging to fathers and grandfathers)

• शुचीन् (śucīn) - pure, honest (pure, clean, honest)

• श्रेष्ठान् (śreṣṭhān) - the best (among them) (best, excellent, superior (ones))

• श्रेष्ठेषु (śreṣṭheṣu) - in the most important (duties/tasks) (in the best, among the best, in excellent (things/tasks))

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that (interrogative, expressing a wish or expectation in a question) (I hope that (interrogative particle), surely, perhaps)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• नियोजयसि (niyojayasi) - you appoint, you assign (you appoint, you engage, you apply)

• कर्मसु (karmasu) - in duties, in important tasks (in duties, in actions, in affairs)

Words meanings and morphology

अमात्यान् (amātyān) - ministers (ministers, advisors, companions)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of amātya

amātya - minister, companion, colleague, a person of similar status

Derived from amā (with, at home) + tya (suffix) meaning 'one who resides with (the king)'.

उपधातीतान् (upadhātītān) - those who have passed tests of integrity (those who have passed tests of integrity, those beyond corruption)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of upadhātīta

upadhātīta - one who has passed a test of integrity, one who is uncorrupted

Past Passive Participle (implied) or Nominal compound

A Tatpurusha compound: upadhā (test of integrity) + atīta (passed, gone beyond).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (upadhā+atīta)

• upadhā – test of integrity, trick, fraud, means
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• atīta – past, gone beyond, passed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From verb root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'ati'.
  Prefix: ati
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'amātyān'.

पितृपैतामहान् (pitṛpaitāmahān) - hereditary (ministers) (hereditary, ancestral, belonging to fathers and grandfathers)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛpaitāmaha

pitṛpaitāmaha - hereditary, paternal and ancestral, belonging to fathers and grandfathers

A compound: pitṛ (father) + paitāmaha (ancestral, grandfather's). Paitāmaha is derived from pitāmaha (grandfather).

Compound type : Dvandva or Tatpurusha (pitṛ+paitāmaha)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• paitāmaha – ancestral, belonging to a grandfather
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from pitāmaha (grandfather) with aṇ suffix.

Note: Qualifies 'amātyān'.

शुचीन् (śucīn) - pure, honest (pure, clean, honest)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, honest, virtuous

Note: Qualifies 'amātyān'.

श्रेष्ठान् (śreṣṭhān) - the best (among them) (best, excellent, superior (ones))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, excellent, supreme, chief, most praised

Superlative form, from 'praśasya' (praiseworthy).

Note: Qualifies the 'amātyān' implicitly, meaning the best among them.

श्रेष्ठेषु (śreṣṭheṣu) - in the most important (duties/tasks) (in the best, among the best, in excellent (things/tasks))

(adjective)

Locative, masculine/neuter, plural of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, excellent, supreme, chief, most praised

Superlative form, from 'praśasya' (praiseworthy).

Note: Refers to 'karmasu'.

कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that (interrogative, expressing a wish or expectation in a question) (I hope that (interrogative particle), surely, perhaps)

(indeclinable)

Combination of kim (what) + cit (even).

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Nominative singular of yuṣmad.

Note: Gender is null as the pronoun itself doesn't carry a specific gender.

नियोजयसि (niyojayasi) - you appoint, you assign (you appoint, you engage, you apply)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of nī-yuj

Causative present

From root yuj (to join, to harness) with prefix ni, in causative form (yojaya).

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

कर्मसु (karmasu) - in duties, in important tasks (in duties, in actions, in affairs)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of karman

karman - action, deed, work, duty, religious rite, (karma)

From root kṛ (to do) with suffix man.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

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