वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-85, verse-59

प्रेष्याश्चेट्यश्च वध्वश्च बलस्थाश्चापि सर्वशः ।
बभूवुस्ते भृशं तृप्ताः सर्वे चाहतवाससः ॥५९॥

59. preṣyāśceṭyaśca vadhvaśca balasthāścāpi sarvaśaḥ ,
babhūvuste bhṛśaṃ tṛptāḥ sarve cāhatavāsasaḥ.

59. preṣyāḥ ceṭyaḥ ca vadhvaḥ ca balasthāḥ ca api sarvaśaḥ
babhūvuḥ te bhṛśam tṛptāḥ sarve ca āhatavāsasaḥ

59. preṣyāḥ ceṭyaḥ ca vadhvaḥ ca balasthāḥ ca api sarvaśaḥ
te sarve bhṛśam tṛptāḥ ca āhatavāsasaḥ babhūvuḥ

59. All of them—the servants, maidservants, wives, and soldiers—became exceedingly satisfied, and all were clothed in fresh, unsoiled garments.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रेष्याः (preṣyāḥ) - female servants, maidservants

• चेट्यः (ceṭyaḥ) - maidservants, female slaves

• च (ca) - and, also

• वध्वः (vadhvaḥ) - wives, daughters-in-law, young women

• च (ca) - and, also

• बलस्थाः (balasthāḥ) - soldiers, those who stand in strength/army

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, moreover

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - all, entirely, in every way

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became, they were

• ते (te) - those, they

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - exceedingly, greatly, much

• तृप्ताः (tṛptāḥ) - satisfied, contented, satiated

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• च (ca) - and, also

• आहतवाससः (āhatavāsasaḥ) - wearing new/clean clothes, dressed in unsoiled garments

Words meanings and morphology

प्रेष्याः (preṣyāḥ) - female servants, maidservants

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of preṣyā

preṣyā - female servant, maid, female messenger

Gerundive (feminine)

From root iṣ (to send) with prefix pra and suffix ya.

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 6)

चेट्यः (ceṭyaḥ) - maidservants, female slaves

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ceṭī

ceṭī - maidservant, slave girl

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

वध्वः (vadhvaḥ) - wives, daughters-in-law, young women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vadhū

vadhū - bride, wife, daughter-in-law, young woman

Root: vah (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

बलस्थाः (balasthāḥ) - soldiers, those who stand in strength/army

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of balastha

balastha - standing in strength, belonging to an army, soldier

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bala+stha)

• bala – strength, power, army, force
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)
• stha – standing, staying, situated, residing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agentive suffix
  Derived from root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also, even, moreover

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word or extends the scope.

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - all, entirely, in every way

(indeclinable)

From sarva (all) + suffix śas.

Note: Amplifies the sense of 'all'.

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became, they were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of bhū

Perfect tense form.

Root: bhū (class 1)

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'babhūvuḥ', referring to the mentioned groups of people.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - exceedingly, greatly, much

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Root: bhṛṣ (class 1)

तृप्ताः (tṛptāḥ) - satisfied, contented, satiated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tṛpta

tṛpta - satisfied, contented, satiated, refreshed

Past Passive Participle

From root tṛp (to be satisfied) with kta suffix.

Root: tṛp (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective to 'babhūvuḥ'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Emphasizes that 'all' were satisfied.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

आहतवाससः (āhatavāsasaḥ) - wearing new/clean clothes, dressed in unsoiled garments

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āhatavāsas

āhatavāsas - wearing new or unsoiled garments, clothed in pure cloth

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (āhata+vāsas)

• āhata – struck, killed, new, fresh, unsoiled, untouched
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike/kill) with prefix ā. In context of cloth, means 'newly washed, pure, fresh'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: han (class 2)
• vāsas – garment, clothes, cloth
  noun (neuter)
  From root vas (to wear).
  Root: vas (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective to 'babhūvuḥ'.

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