वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-85, verse-47

ततः सरलतालाश्च तिलका नक्तमालकाः ।
प्रहृष्टास्तत्र संपेतुः कुब्जाभूताथ वामनाः ॥४७॥

47. tataḥ saralatālāśca tilakā naktamālakāḥ ,
prahṛṣṭāstatra saṃpetuḥ kubjābhūtātha vāmanāḥ.

47. tataḥ saralatālāḥ ca tilakāḥ naktamālakāḥ
prahṛṣṭāḥ tatra sampeṭuḥ kubjābhūtāḥ atha vāmanāḥ

47. tataḥ saralatālāḥ ca tilakāḥ naktamālakāḥ
prahṛṣṭāḥ kubjābhūtāḥ atha vāmanāḥ tatra sampeṭuḥ

47. Then, the Sarala, Tāla, Tilaka, and Naktamalaka trees, exceedingly joyful, arrived there, transformed into hunchbacks and dwarfs.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

• सरलतालाः (saralatālāḥ) - Sarala and Tala trees

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तिलकाः (tilakāḥ) - Tilaka trees (Symplocos racemosa) (Tilaka trees)

• नक्तमालकाः (naktamālakāḥ) - Naktamalaka trees (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, night-flowering jasmine) (Naktamalaka trees)

• प्रहृष्टाः (prahṛṣṭāḥ) - exceedingly joyful (greatly rejoiced, delighted, ecstatic)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (at Bharadvaja's hermitage) (there, in that place)

• सम्पेटुः (sampeṭuḥ) - arrived there (flew together, rushed together, arrived)

• कुब्जाभूताः (kubjābhūtāḥ) - transformed into hunchbacks (having become hunchbacked, hunchbacks)

• अथ (atha) - and (then, and, moreover, also)

• वामनाः (vāmanāḥ) - dwarfs (dwarfs, midgets)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

(indeclinable)

सरलतालाः (saralatālāḥ) - Sarala and Tala trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saralatāla

saralatāla - Sarala and Tāla trees (a dvandva compound listing two types of trees: Pinus roxburghii and Borassus flabellifer)

Dvanda compound of sarala and tāla.

Compound type : dvandva (sarala+tāla)

• sarala – straight, upright; Sarala tree (Pinus roxburghii)
  noun (masculine)
• tāla – Tala tree (Borassus flabellifer), palmyra palm; rhythm, clap
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तिलकाः (tilakāḥ) - Tilaka trees (Symplocos racemosa) (Tilaka trees)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tilaka

tilaka - Tilaka tree (Symplocos racemosa); a mark on the forehead, ornament

नक्तमालकाः (naktamālakāḥ) - Naktamalaka trees (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, night-flowering jasmine) (Naktamalaka trees)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naktamālaka

naktamālaka - Naktamālaka tree (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis), night-flowering jasmine

Compound: nakta (night) + mālaka (garland, flower)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nakta+mālaka)

• nakta – night, in the night
  noun (neuter)
• mālaka – garland, flower, collection of flowers
  noun (masculine)

प्रहृष्टाः (prahṛṣṭāḥ) - exceedingly joyful (greatly rejoiced, delighted, ecstatic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prahṛṣṭa

prahṛṣṭa - rejoiced, delighted, excited, glad, ecstatic

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root hṛṣ (to rejoice) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with the subject trees.

तत्र (tatra) - there (at Bharadvaja's hermitage) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

सम्पेटुः (sampeṭuḥ) - arrived there (flew together, rushed together, arrived)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of saṃpat

Perfect Active Third Person Plural

Perfect (lit-lakāra), active voice, 3rd person, plural of the root pat (1st class) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: The prefix `sam` indicates 'together' or 'completely'.

कुब्जाभूताः (kubjābhūtāḥ) - transformed into hunchbacks (having become hunchbacked, hunchbacks)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kubjābhūta

kubjābhūta - become hunchbacked, a hunchback

Past Passive Participle (secondary)

Compound: kubja (hunchbacked) + bhūta (become, being), indicating 'having become hunchbacked'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (kubja+bhūta)

• kubja – hunchbacked, deformed; a hunchback
  noun (masculine)
• bhūta – been, become, past, existing, a being, creature
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root bhū (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Functions as a state or transformation of the subject.

अथ (atha) - and (then, and, moreover, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects kubjābhūtāḥ and vāmanāḥ.

वामनाः (vāmanāḥ) - dwarfs (dwarfs, midgets)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāmana

vāmana - dwarf, midget, short; name of the fifth incarnation of Vishnu

Root: vam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the transformed trees.

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