वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-85, verse-2

अब्रवीद्भरतस्त्वेनं नन्विदं भवता कृतम् ।
पाद्यमर्घ्यं तथातिथ्यं वने यदूपपद्यते ॥२॥

2. abravīdbharatastvenaṃ nanvidaṃ bhavatā kṛtam ,
pādyamarghyaṃ tathātithyaṃ vane yadūpapadyate.

2. abravīt bharataḥ tu enam nanu idam bhavatā kṛtam
pādyam arghyam tathā ātithyam vane yat upapadyate

2. bharataḥ tu enam abravīt nanu idam yat vane upapadyate
pādyam arghyam tathā ātithyam bhavatā kṛtam

2. Bharata then said to him, 'Surely, you have already offered this, which is appropriate in the forest: foot-water, a respectful offering, and hospitality.'

Words meanings summery:

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - Bharata spoke (he spoke, he said)

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Prince Bharata (Bharata)

• तु (tu) - then, (indicating a slight shift or response) (but, indeed, however)

• एनम् (enam) - to him (the sage Bharadvaja) (him, this (accusative masculine singular))

• ननु (nanu) - surely, as an affirmative particle (surely, indeed, isn't it?)

• इदम् (idam) - this (hospitality) (this (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

• भवता (bhavatā) - by you (Bharadvaja, honorific) (by you (instrumental singular))

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - (hospitality) provided (done, made, accomplished (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

• पाद्यम् (pādyam) - water for ceremonial washing of feet (water for the feet, foot-water)

• अर्घ्यम् (arghyam) - a ceremonial offering to a guest (respectful offering (water, flowers, etc.))

• तथा (tathā) - and (connecting arghyam and ātithyam) (thus, so, and)

• आतिथ्यम् (ātithyam) - general hospitality (in addition to specific offerings) (hospitality)

• वने (vane) - appropriate for a forest setting (in the forest)

• यत् (yat) - that which, whatever (which, what (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

• उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - is appropriate (for the forest) (is fitting, is appropriate, occurs)

Words meanings and morphology

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - Bharata spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect 3rd singular active

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The t at the end is part of the verbal ending.

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Prince Bharata (Bharata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (proper name); cherished, maintained

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb abravīt.

तु (tu) - then, (indicating a slight shift or response) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Particle

एनम् (enam) - to him (the sage Bharadvaja) (him, this (accusative masculine singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him, her

Pronominal stem

Note: Object of abravīt.

ननु (nanu) - surely, as an affirmative particle (surely, indeed, isn't it?)

(indeclinable)

Particle

इदम् (idam) - this (hospitality) (this (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Subject of the implied asti (is), referring to the collective hospitality actions.

भवता (bhavatā) - by you (Bharadvaja, honorific) (by you (instrumental singular))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (polite form)

Present Active Participle (honorific usage)

From root bhū (to be), used as a polite second-person pronoun

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agent of the passive participle kṛtam.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - (hospitality) provided (done, made, accomplished (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as the predicate.

पाद्यम् (pādyam) - water for ceremonial washing of feet (water for the feet, foot-water)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pādya

pādya - water for feet, that which is to be given for feet

Gerundive (implied meaning)

From pāda (foot) + ya suffix

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Appositive to idam.

अर्घ्यम् (arghyam) - a ceremonial offering to a guest (respectful offering (water, flowers, etc.))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of arghya

arghya - respectful offering, water for respectful reception

Gerundive (implied meaning)

From argha (value, respect) + ya suffix

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Appositive to idam.

तथा (tathā) - and (connecting arghyam and ātithyam) (thus, so, and)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/adverb

आतिथ्यम् (ātithyam) - general hospitality (in addition to specific offerings) (hospitality)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ātithya

ātithya - hospitality, reception of guests

From atithi (guest)

Note: Appositive to idam.

वने (vane) - appropriate for a forest setting (in the forest)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Qualifies upapadyate (what is appropriate in the forest).

यत् (yat) - that which, whatever (which, what (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Relative pronoun

Note: Subject of upapadyate.

उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - is appropriate (for the forest) (is fitting, is appropriate, occurs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle (ātmanepada), present (laṭ) of upa-pad

From root pad (to go, fall) with prefix upa (near, towards). Middle voice.

Prefix: upa

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: The middle voice te ending.

Previous Verse Next Verse