वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-17, verse-16

भरताय महाराजो यौवराज्यं प्रयच्छति ।
मां पुनर्दण्डकारण्यं विवासयति तापसं ॥१६॥

16. bharatāya mahārājo yauvarājyaṃ prayacchati ,
māṃ punardaṇḍakāraṇyaṃ vivāsayati tāpasaṃ.

16. bharatāya mahārājaḥ yauvarājyam prayacchati
| mām punaḥ daṇḍakāraṇyam vivāsayati tāpasam

16. mahārājaḥ bharatāya yauvarājyam prayacchati
punaḥ mām tāpasam daṇḍakāraṇyam vivāsayati

16. The great king is bestowing the crown principality upon Bharata, but he is banishing me, in the guise of an ascetic, to the Daṇḍaka forest.

Words meanings summery:

• भरताय (bharatāya) - to Bharata

• महाराजः (mahārājaḥ) - the great king (Daśaratha) (great king, emperor)

• यौवराज्यम् (yauvarājyam) - the crown principality (crown principality, position of crown prince)

• प्रयच्छति (prayacchati) - is bestowing (gives, bestows, offers)

• माम् (mām) - me

• पुनः (punaḥ) - but (again, but, moreover)

• दण्डकारण्यम् (daṇḍakāraṇyam) - to the Daṇḍaka forest (Daṇḍaka forest)

• विवासयति (vivāsayati) - he is banishing (causes to dwell away, banishes, exiles)

• तापसम् (tāpasam) - as an ascetic / in the guise of an ascetic (ascetic, pertaining to asceticism)

Words meanings and morphology

भरताय (bharatāya) - to Bharata

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of Rāma's brother)

महाराजः (mahārājaḥ) - the great king (Daśaratha) (great king, emperor)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor, sovereign

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

यौवराज्यम् (yauvarājyam) - the crown principality (crown principality, position of crown prince)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yauvarājya

yauvarājya - position or dignity of a crown prince, crown principality

Derived from 'yuvan' (youth) + 'rājan' (king)

प्रयच्छति (prayacchati) - is bestowing (gives, bestows, offers)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pra-yam

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

पुनः (punaḥ) - but (again, but, moreover)

(indeclinable)

दण्डकारण्यम् (daṇḍakāraṇyam) - to the Daṇḍaka forest (Daṇḍaka forest)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daṇḍakāraṇya

daṇḍakāraṇya - the Daṇḍaka forest (a large forest in ancient India)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daṇḍaka+araṇya)

• daṇḍaka – name of a region/forest
  proper noun (neuter)
• araṇya – forest, wilderness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Accusative case indicates destination.

विवासयति (vivāsayati) - he is banishing (causes to dwell away, banishes, exiles)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vi-vas

causative

Causative form of the root vas (to dwell) with upasarga vi

Prefix: vi

Root: vas (class 1)

तापसम् (tāpasam) - as an ascetic / in the guise of an ascetic (ascetic, pertaining to asceticism)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tāpasa

tāpasa - an ascetic, a hermit; pertaining to asceticism or penance (tapas)

Derived from 'tapas'

Note: Used here as an adjective in apposition to 'mām', describing the state of being banished.

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