महानिर्वाण-तन्त्रम्
mahānirvāṇa-tantram
-
chapter-4, verse-53
यदा क्षौणी स्वल्पफला तोयदाः स्तोकवर्षिणः ।
असम्यक्फलिनो वृक्षास्तदैव प्रवलः कलिः ॥५३॥
असम्यक्फलिनो वृक्षास्तदैव प्रवलः कलिः ॥५३॥
53. yadā kṣauṇī svalpaphalā toyadāḥ stokavarṣiṇaḥ ,
asamyakphalino vṛkṣāstadaiva pravalaḥ kaliḥ.
asamyakphalino vṛkṣāstadaiva pravalaḥ kaliḥ.
53.
yadā kṣauṇī svalpaphalā toyadāḥ stokavarṣiṇaḥ
asamyakphalino vṛkṣāḥ tadā eva prabalaḥ kaliḥ
asamyakphalino vṛkṣāḥ tadā eva prabalaḥ kaliḥ
53.
yadā kṣauṇī svalpaphalā toyadāḥ stokavarṣiṇaḥ
asamyakphalinaḥ vṛkṣāḥ tadā eva prabalaḥ kaliḥ
asamyakphalinaḥ vṛkṣāḥ tadā eva prabalaḥ kaliḥ
53. When the earth yields little fruit, rain clouds shower sparsely, and trees bear poor or untimely fruit, then indeed kali-yuga becomes powerful.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यदा (yadā) - when
- क्षौणी (kṣauṇī) - earth, ground
- स्वल्पफला (svalpaphalā) - having little fruit, yielding meager fruit
- तोयदाः (toyadāḥ) - water-givers, rain clouds
- स्तोकवर्षिणः (stokavarṣiṇaḥ) - raining little, showering sparsely
- असम्यक्फलिनः (asamyakphalinaḥ) - bearing improper, irregular, or poor fruit
- वृक्षाः (vṛkṣāḥ) - trees
- तदा (tadā) - then
- एव (eva) - indeed, precisely
- प्रबलः (prabalaḥ) - powerful, strong
- कलिः (kaliḥ) - kali-yuga, the age of kali
Words meanings and morphology
यदा (yadā) - when
(indeclinable)
क्षौणी (kṣauṇī) - earth, ground
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣauṇī
kṣauṇī - earth
स्वल्पफला (svalpaphalā) - having little fruit, yielding meager fruit
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of svalpaphala
svalpaphala - having little fruit
bahuvrihi compound formed of su-alpa and phala
Compound type : bahuvrihi (svalpa+phala)
- svalpa – very little, small
adjective (masculine)
Prefix: su - phala – fruit, result
noun (neuter)
तोयदाः (toyadāḥ) - water-givers, rain clouds
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of toyada
toyada - cloud, rain cloud
upapada tatpurusha compound formed of toya and da
Compound type : tatpurusha (toya+da)
- toya – water
noun (neuter) - da – giving, bestowing
adjective (masculine)
from root dā
Root: dā (class 3)
स्तोकवर्षिणः (stokavarṣiṇaḥ) - raining little, showering sparsely
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of stokavarṣin
stokavarṣin - raining little
tatpurusha compound formed of stoka and varṣin
Compound type : tatpurusha (stoka+varṣin)
- stoka – a little, small amount
noun (neuter) - varṣin – raining, showering
adjective (masculine)
from root vṛṣ
Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
असम्यक्फलिनः (asamyakphalinaḥ) - bearing improper, irregular, or poor fruit
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of asamyakphalin
asamyakphalin - bearing improper or irregular fruit
tatpurusha compound formed of asamyak and phalin
Compound type : tatpurusha (asamyak+phalin)
- asamyak – improperly, incorrectly, not well
indeclinable - phalin – bearing fruit
adjective (masculine)
वृक्षाः (vṛkṣāḥ) - trees
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛkṣa
vṛkṣa - tree
तदा (tadā) - then
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, precisely
(indeclinable)
प्रबलः (prabalaḥ) - powerful, strong
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prabala
prabala - powerful, strong
कलिः (kaliḥ) - kali-yuga, the age of kali
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kali
kali - kali-yuga, the fourth age